Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019y\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f d\u00fczenin, SSCB ve Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019daki Stalinist rejimlerle beraber yerle bir olu\u015funun en sembolik referanslar\u0131ndan birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcre\u00e7, kapitalizmin b\u00f6lgede restorasyonuyla (yenileme) birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, sol hareketin mevcut bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeylerinde belirleyici etkilerde bulundu. Bu geli\u015fme yaln\u0131zca g\u00fc\u00e7ler dengesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmekle kalmad\u0131, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u0131n\u0131f bilincinde de derin bir karma\u015faya yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131yla birlikte Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019daki Stalinist rejimlerin bir domino ta\u015f\u0131 gibi birbiri ard\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne tan\u0131k olduk. O g\u00fcnden bu yana yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki t\u00fcm s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ard\u0131 arkas\u0131 kesilmeyen riya dolu ideolojik kampanyalar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131yoruz. \u201cSosyalizmin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir yegane d\u00fcnya sistemi olarak Kapitalizmin ayakta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d s\u00f6ylemine dayal\u0131 bu kampanyan\u0131n ilk akla gelen ideolo\u011fu ku\u015fkusuz 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201cTarihin sonu\u201d kitab\u0131yla Fukuyama olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fukuyama\u2019ya g\u00f6re ideolojiler ve s\u0131n\u0131flararas\u0131 m\u00fccadele \u015feklinde olu\u015fan tarihsel ilerleyi\u015f, bu haliyle miad\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f ve yerini \u00fctopyalar\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lacak \u015fekilde neoliberal ekonomi ve politikan\u0131n mutlak zaferine b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ku\u015fkusuz, neoliberalizmin ba\u015fl\u0131ca kazan\u0131m\u0131, Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019da Stalinist rejimlere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fckselen seferberliklerin, asl\u0131nda liberal demokrasiye duyulan a\u00e7l\u0131ktan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131lsamas\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Ronald Reagan ve Margareth Thatcher\u2019in \u00f6nderli\u011fini \u00fcstlendi\u011fi ve 80\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00fcndeme getirilen globalizm ve neoliberalizm s\u00f6ylemleri, 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Berlin\u2019den ba\u015flayarak ya\u015fananlarla birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri b\u00fcy\u00fck bedellerle elde etti\u011fi mevzilerin tek tek yitirilmesinden ba\u015fka bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mevzilerin yitirili\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n en geli\u015fkin oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerden, yar\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkelere s\u00fcratle yay\u0131ld\u0131. Genelle\u015fmi\u015f hale gelen a\u00e7l\u0131k, yoksulla\u015fma ve sefalet, y\u0131\u011f\u0131nsal bir olgu olarak g\u00f6\u00e7menli\u011fi getirdi beraberinde. D\u00f6neme damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran Neoliberal s\u00f6ylem, i\u015f\u00e7i ve gen\u00e7lik hareketleri \u00fczerinde bireycili\u011fin h\u00e2kimiyetini peki\u015ftirdi. Stalinizm ve onun b\u00fcrokratik parti anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na duyulan tepki, s\u00f6z konusu bireycilikle birle\u015ferek genelle\u015fmi\u015f bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Aradan ge\u00e7en 20 y\u0131l boyunca yaln\u0131zca partiler de\u011fil ama sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler de a\u011f\u0131r darbeler ald\u0131, ciddi kan kay\u0131plar\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, emperyalizmin ve burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin ideolojik sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131 ve sosyal demokrasinin ve Stalinizm\u2019den geriye kal\u0131p s\u00fcratle sosyal demokratla\u015fanlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k deste\u011fini kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kriz derinle\u015ferek \u00f6ylesine bir ideolojik fetret devri ba\u015flatt\u0131 ki, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda devrimci sol ak\u0131mlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc istisnas\u0131z bu darbenin etki alan\u0131na girdi. Tro\u00e7kizm bu geli\u015fmelerden azade de\u011ferlendirilemez. Uzun ve zorlu bir kriz t\u00fcm ak\u0131mlar\u0131 belirlemekteydi. Neredeyse t\u00fcm devrimci sol ak\u0131mlar, Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve \u201creel sosyalizm\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ucubenin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hezimete bir yan\u0131t geli\u015ftirmenin \u00e7abas\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devrimciler ve devrimci i\u015f\u00e7i partilerinin in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir alan kalmam\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Tam da bu nedenle, kapitalist \u00fcretim sisteminin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir zorunluluk oldu\u011funu ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve devrimcilerin, sosyalizim m\u00fccadelesinde vaz ge\u00e7ilmez bir ara\u00e7 olarak devrimci bir parti ve enternasyonal in\u015fa etmesi gerekti\u011fini savunan bizler ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 ilerledik ve halen ilerlemeye devam ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapitalizmin nihai zaferi safsatas\u0131 daha uzun y\u0131llar kitleleri y\u00f6nlendirmeye devam edecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu, ama i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7mekte oldu\u011fumuz derin ekonomik krizin patlak vermesiyle g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00fczere, s\u0131n\u0131flar m\u00fccadelesinin a\u011f\u0131r ve ac\u0131mas\u0131z \u00e7arklar\u0131 yeniden h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrmeye giri\u015fmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapitalizim kendi i\u00e7 \u00e7eli\u015fkilerinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan yeni ve son derece derin bir krize yuvarlanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu derin kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan her\u015feyi \u00f6n\u00fcne kat\u0131p s\u00fcr\u00fcklemekle tehdit ediyor insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131. Marksizm yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fanmakta olana ili\u015fkin de\u011fil ama ayn\u0131 zamanda bir karabasan haline gelmi\u015f bu sistemden kurtulu\u015fun da anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 sunmaya devam ediyor bizlere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Son 20 y\u0131l boyunca sosyalizm d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirelen kampanya ve Stalinist rejimlerde ya\u015fanan kapitalist restorasyonun y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu. Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019da ve eski SSCB s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan restorasyon, beraberinde yayg\u0131nla\u015fan sefaleti, i\u015fsizli\u011fi ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc getirdi. \u00c7in\u2019de ya\u015fananlar bu a\u00e7\u0131dan son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Stalinist bask\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131\u011fr\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f kapitalist \u00fcretim modelinden olu\u015fan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki en korkun\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 dayatm\u0131\u015f durumda \u00c7in i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na. Rusya\u2019daki restorasyonla birlikte \u00fcretimdeki gerileme II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131na benzer rakamlar ortaya koymakta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6te yandan a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve sefaletin, geli\u015fkin kapitalist \u00fclkelerde de son 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015f bir h\u0131zla yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na tan\u0131k oluyoruz bu g\u00fcnlerde. Kapitalizmin hizmetindeki ideolojiler ve sosyalizme d\u00fc\u015fman propagandalar, kapitalist ekonominin ger\u00e7ek \u00e7eli\u015fkilerini saklamay\u0131 ba\u015faram\u0131yor art\u0131k. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i halklar, kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulundu\u011fumuz krizin tahripk\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kapitalizmden devrimci bir kopu\u015fun ne denli zorunlu oldu\u011funu yeniden kavramaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1 Aral\u0131k 2009<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Almanya\u2019y\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f d\u00fczenin, SSCB ve Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019daki Stalinist rejimlerle beraber yerle bir olu\u015funun en sembolik referanslar\u0131ndan birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. S\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcre\u00e7, kapitalizmin b\u00f6lgede restorasyonuyla (yenileme) birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, sol hareketin mevcut bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeylerinde belirleyici etkilerde bulundu. Bu geli\u015fme yaln\u0131zca g\u00fc\u00e7ler dengesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmekle kalmad\u0131, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":431,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[650],"tags":[492,495,494,493,59],"class_list":["post-430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stalinizm","tag-berlin","tag-berlin-duvari","tag-cokusu","tag-duvarinin","tag-uzerine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=430"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":432,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430\/revisions\/432"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}