A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Trump ve ABD\u2019nin 3 Ocak\u2019ta ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi askeri m\u00fcdahalenin ard\u0131ndan Venezuela\u2019daki durum, m\u00fcdahalenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tepkinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ok say\u0131da ku\u015fku ve soru i\u015fareti do\u011furuyor: Durum \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc m\u00fc? Trump\u2019\u0131n plan\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131 m\u0131? Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 art\u0131k o mu y\u00f6netiyor? Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n petrol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7almay\u0131 ba\u015faracak m\u0131? Maduro olmadan, Chavezci rejimle ortak y\u00f6netim i\u00e7in bir anla\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131 m\u0131? Kolombiya, Meksika, K\u00fcba, \u0130ran veya Gr\u00f6nland\u2019a askeri m\u00fcdahaleler olacak m\u0131? Antiemperyalist m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fcten bizler; Trump\u2019\u0131, emperyalizmi ve onlar\u0131n Venezuela ile d\u00fcnyadaki s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci planlar\u0131n\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratmak i\u00e7in enternasyonal seferberli\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, bu sorulara yan\u0131t vermeye de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1989\u2019daki Panama i\u015fgalinden bu yana Venezuela ve Latin Amerika\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik e\u015fi benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir do\u011frudan emperyalist sald\u0131r\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n O zamandan beri Trump\u2019\u0131nki gibi b\u00f6ylesine su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden bir askeri m\u00fcdahale ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015fti ve bu, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da hayata ge\u00e7irilen ilk askeri m\u00fcdahale oldu. Aral\u0131k 1989\u2019da ABD emperyalizmi Panama\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015f, \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Manuel Noriega\u2019y\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rarak ABD\u2019de hapse atm\u0131\u015f ve yarg\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Venezuela\u2019ya sald\u0131r\u0131 \u015fimdilik Panama\u2019daki \u00f6l\u00e7ekte olmasa da, bu da su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden bir askeri eylem. \u015eu ana kadar K\u00fcbal\u0131 ve Venezuelal\u0131 askerler ile siviller aras\u0131nda 100 \u00f6l\u00fcm ve 100\u2019den fazla yaral\u0131 teyit edildi; bu say\u0131lar \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde artabilir. Askeri tesislere ve sivil konutlara y\u00f6nelik a\u011f\u0131r bombard\u0131manlar yap\u0131ld\u0131. D\u00fcnya halklar\u0131 bu m\u00fcdahaleye, bombard\u0131manlara ve Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Nicol\u00e1s Maduro ile e\u015fi Cilia Flores\u2019in ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a k\u00fcresel bir tepki g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bizzat Trump bile askeri harek\u00e2t\u0131n hedefinin uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla m\u00fccadele ya da Venezuela\u2019da demokratik bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulad\u0131. Trump, as\u0131l amac\u0131n\u0131n petrol oldu\u011funu, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koydu. Venezuela, Latin Amerika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol \u00fclkesi ve Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 a\u015fan, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ham petrol rezervlerine sahip. Trump, \u00fclke \u00fczerinde aylarca hatta y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrecek s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir kontrol kurmak istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyecek kadar ileri gitti. Petrol end\u00fcstrisinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek istiyor. \u0130\u015fin asl\u0131 Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirmeye, ABD ve k\u00fcresel \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerin hizmetinde bir protektora<\/em>ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Venezuela\u2019daki askeri harek\u00e2t\u0131 ve Maduro\u2019nun ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 bir \u201czafer\u201d olarak sunmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan cesareti artan Trump, Danimarka\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge olan Gr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme tehditlerini yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirdi; Kolombiya, Meksika, K\u00fcba ve hatta \u0130ran\u2019a m\u00fcdahale tehdidinde bulundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu askeri sald\u0131rganl\u0131k, Trump\u2019\u0131n Ocak 2025\u2019te g\u00f6reve gelirken ilan etti\u011fi k\u00fcresel kar\u015f\u0131 taarruzun bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ama\u00e7, ABD\u2019nin onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcren hegemonya krizini tersine \u00e7evirmektir. ABD, 1975\u2019teki Vietnam yenilgisini hi\u00e7bir zaman a\u015famad\u0131. 2021\u2019de Afganistan\u2019dan, 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir i\u015fgalin ard\u0131ndan apar topar \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bu nedenle Trump g\u00f6reve gelirken \u201cABD\u2019nin gerileyi\u015fini sona erdirece\u011fini\u201d ve bir \u201calt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u201d ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan ederek yeni bir d\u00fcnya \u201cd\u00fczenini\u201d i\u015faret etmi\u015fti. Ancak politikalar\u0131yla as\u0131l tetikledi\u011fi \u015fey; d\u00fcnya genelindeki d\u00fczensizli\u011fin artmas\u0131, ABD i\u00e7indeki burjuva kesimlerin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB), \u00c7in ve Rusya dahil di\u011fer emperyalist \u00fclkelerle ya\u015fanan s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmelerdir. Bu nedenle AB, genel olarak Venezuela’daki durumdan aras\u0131na mesafe koymu\u015ftur; \u00f6zellikle de Trump’\u0131n \u2014belki bir m\u00fczakere yoluyla ama askeri se\u00e7ene\u011fi de d\u0131\u015flamayarak\u2014 Gr\u00f6nland’\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek istedi\u011fine dair tehditlerinden sonra bu mesafe daha da a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n Venezuela\u2019daki hedefi petrol\u00fc, petrol da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek. Beyaz Saray\u2019da ABD ve di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden \u00e7okuluslu petrol \u015firketlerinin CEO\u2019lar\u0131yla yap\u0131lan son toplant\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131 da buydu; Trump onlar\u0131 Venezuela\u2019ya yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak bu durum, petrol end\u00fcstrisini kendisi y\u00f6netmek isteyen \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketler ve emperyalist \u00fclkelerle gerilim yaratmakta. Bu nedenle s\u00f6z konusu toplant\u0131 ciddi bir heyecan uyand\u0131rmad\u0131 ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 milyar dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmalar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 somut bir sonuca ula\u015fmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu ba\u011flamda, gemilerine el konulan Rusya\u2019yla ve \u00f6zellikle de Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 70\u2019ini alan \u00c7in\u2019le (bu oran, Asya devi \u00c7in\u2019in toplam petrol ithalat\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 4\u2019\u00fcne denk gelse de) \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar artmakta.[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Bu y\u00fczden Trump’\u0131n t\u00fcm petrol plan\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Venezuela\u2019daki durum \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ya da istikrara kavu\u015fmu\u015f de\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Maduro\u2019suz Chavezci kanattan Delcy Rodr\u00edguez h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle m\u00fczakerelerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k; ancak petrol\u00fcn tesliminin ve ABD ile ortak y\u00f6netim i\u00e7eren bir anla\u015fman\u0131n kesinle\u015fti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez. Bu nedenle Trump, Delcy Rodr\u00edguez\u2019in \u201cs\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tutmamas\u0131 halinde Maduro\u2019dan daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir sonla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6yleyerek tehditler savurdu. Bu, son derece ciddi bir tehdittir. Maduro ve e\u015finin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan daha k\u00f6t\u00fc ne olabilir? Bu bir \u00f6l\u00fcm tehdidi mi? Trump ayr\u0131ca ikinci bir askeri m\u00fcdahaleyi de d\u0131\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. M\u00fczakereler bu tehditler temelinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte. Bu y\u00fczden, \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin Uluslararas\u0131 Birli\u011fi-D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Enternasyonal (\u0130UB-DE) olarak, askeri m\u00fcdahaleye ve Maduro\u2019nun ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 eylem birli\u011finin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yineliyoruz; yeni bir su\u00e7 niteli\u011findeki askeri m\u00fcdahale ya da i\u015fgal tehlikesine kar\u015f\u0131 uyar\u0131yoruz. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Trump\u2019la bir anla\u015fmaya varma tehlikesine dikkat \u00e7ekiyoruz. T\u00fcm bunlar, Trump\u2019\u0131n hamlesinin nihai bir zafer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermekte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Maduro\u2019nun ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanan askeri operasyon, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ABD\u2019nin askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bir g\u00f6stergesi ve Venezuela halk\u0131na ve d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131na a\u011f\u0131r bir darbedir ancak nihai de\u011fildir. ABD\u2019nin \u015fimdilik Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 i\u015fgal etmeye ve kukla bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmaya cesaret edememesi, Chavezci rejimle m\u00fczakere etmek zorunda kalmas\u0131, zay\u0131f y\u00f6nlerini ortaya koymakta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Maduro\u2019nun ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, -ABD yanl\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Mar\u00eda Corina Machado\u2019yu destekleyenler dahil- s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki milyonlarca Venezuelal\u0131da ve d\u00fcnya sa\u011f\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f bir co\u015fku yaratt\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Arjantin Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 fa\u015fist Javier Milei de vard\u0131. Ancak bu co\u015fku k\u0131sa s\u00fcrd\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Trump, s\u00f6zde se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ba\u015fkan Edmundo Gonz\u00e1lez\u2019i ve Mar\u00eda Corina Machado\u2019yu iktidara getirme se\u00e7ene\u011fini rafa kald\u0131rd\u0131. Trump\u2019\u0131n ilan etti\u011fi olas\u0131 \u201cge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d, Maduro\u2019suz ama Chavezci bir yap\u0131 ile olacakt\u0131. So\u011fuk du\u015f etkisi yapan bu hamle, Trump\u2019\u0131n se\u00e7im olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ancak y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrebilecek s\u00f6zde bir \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famada\u201d bir se\u00e7im \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndeme gelebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesiyle tamamland\u0131. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc ki Milei bile \u015fimdilik sessizli\u011fe g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n \u00e7eli\u015fkileri ve siyasi zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD i\u00e7inde de a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Askeri m\u00fcdahaleden g\u00fcnler sonra, Cumhuriyet\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu Senato, ABD\u2019nin yeni d\u0131\u015f askeri m\u00fcdahalelerine kar\u015f\u0131 oy kulland\u0131. Trump, kendi senat\u00f6rlerine \u00f6fkelendi. Bununla birlikte, anketler halk\u0131n y\u00fczde 70\u2019inin Trump\u2019un \u00fclkeleri i\u015fgal etmesine kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu, y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ise Trump\u2019\u0131n Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 y\u00f6netmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Bu y\u00fczde 60\u2019l\u0131k kesim, Trump\u2019\u0131n \u201cMAGA\u201d (Amerika\u2019y\u0131 Yeniden B\u00fcy\u00fck Yapal\u0131m) hareketi taban\u0131nda da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu muhafazak\u00e2r sa\u011f taban, Trump\u2019\u0131n d\u0131\u015f sava\u015flara ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara m\u00fcdahale etmeyece\u011fi ve harcamalar\u0131n savunmaya de\u011fil \u201c\u00f6nce ABD\u2019ye\u201d yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 vaadine inanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Buna paralel olarak, Venezuela m\u00fcdahalesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda protestolar b\u00fcy\u00fcyor; Minneapolis, Minnesota\u2019da, Trump\u2019\u0131n Demokratlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimindeki pek \u00e7ok \u015fehre yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ICE (G\u00f6\u00e7menlik ve G\u00fcmr\u00fck Muhafaza) ajanlar\u0131n\u0131 protesto ederken polis taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen 37 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Renee Nicole Good cinayetine kar\u015f\u0131 eylemlerle birle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump, silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131ya kar\u0131\u015fan federal ajan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a savundu ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen kad\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7lad\u0131. Sivil \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ve g\u00f6\u00e7men haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131, cinayeti k\u0131namak ve ICE ajanlar\u0131n\u0131n sokaklardan \u00e7ekilmesini talep etmek i\u00e7in \u00fclke genelinde binlerce eylem \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131. Eylemler, hem \u201cICE, temelli defol\u201d hem de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Renee Nicole Good\u2019un ad\u0131na referansla \u201cICE, Good ad\u0131na defol\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cICE Out For Good\u201d slogan\u0131yla d\u00fczenleniyor. \u00d6zetle, her \u015feyin Trump\u2019\u0131n lehine oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyemeyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Devam eden m\u00fczakereler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir di\u011fer soru da Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u015fu anda Trump taraf\u0131ndan uzaktan kontrol edilip edilmedi\u011fi. Trump, Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 kendisinin y\u00f6netti\u011fini, \u201ckontrol\u00fcn kendisinde oldu\u011funu\u201d s\u00f6ylemekten vazge\u00e7miyor. Hatta bir sosyal a\u011fda kendisini Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n \u201cge\u00e7ici ba\u015fkan\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131tacak kadar ileri gitti. Trump, ge\u00e7ici ba\u015fkan Delcy Rodr\u00edguez\u2019i \u00f6verken ayn\u0131 zamanda tehdit etmeyi de ihmal etmiyor. Maduro\u2019suz Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmet ise net bir yan\u0131t vermiyor; m\u00fczakere y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve Trump\u2019la \u201ci\u015fbirli\u011fine\u201d haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu ink\u00e2r etmiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Maduro ve Cilia Flores\u2019in nas\u0131l ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren soru i\u015faretleri yaratt\u0131. Baz\u0131 burjuva analistler, Chavezci rejimin onlar\u0131 pazarl\u0131k kozu olarak bizzat teslim etmi\u015f olabilece\u011fi hipotezini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Operasyonun bi\u00e7imi ku\u015fkular\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r k\u0131l\u0131yor. Ancak biz bunun esas olarak, ABD emperyalizminin ink\u00e2r edilemez teknolojik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ezici askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini, 32 K\u00fcbal\u0131 ve 25\u2019ten fazla Venezuelal\u0131 askerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir katliam oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. Benzer \u201ccerrahi\u201d operasyonlar daha \u00f6nce de yap\u0131ld\u0131; \u00f6rne\u011fin Demokrat Barack Obama d\u00f6neminde Usame bin Ladin\u2019in Pakistan\u2019da yakalan\u0131p \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gibi (2011). \u0130srail de bu t\u00fcr operasyonlar\u0131 her zaman yerel i\u00e7 desteklerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Bu vakada, CIA taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Chavezci i\u00e7 i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerin ve savunmadan \u00e7ok ticarete ve i\u00e7eride bask\u0131 uygulamaya odaklanan Venezuela ordusunun zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkenler olmas\u0131 muhtemeldir. Nitekim ABD, Maduro\u2019nun yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinde CIA i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir k\u00f6stebek bulundu\u011funu kabul etti. Ger\u00e7e\u011fi zaman g\u00f6sterecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eu ana kadar, son ya\u015fananlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmetin liderli\u011finde, Venezuela Birle\u015fik Sosyalist Partisi\u2019nde (PSUV) ya da Bolivarc\u0131 Ulusal Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetler\u2019de (FANB) belirleyici bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren somut bir kan\u0131t yok. Elbette gelecekte bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ihtimali g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez. Ancak \u015fimdilik Delcy ve Jorge Rodr\u00edguez karde\u015flerin, Savunma Bakan\u0131 Vladimir Padrino L\u00f3pez\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu FANB liderli\u011finin ve \u00fclke i\u00e7inde bask\u0131y\u0131 kontrol eden \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Diosdado Cabello\u2019nun siyasi birli\u011fi s\u00fcrmekte gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Di\u011fer yandan Trump, kendi siyasi zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve i\u00e7 politik \u00e7eli\u015fkileri nedeniyle, kar\u015f\u0131devrimci politikalar\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in bir yandan me\u015fhur Monroe Doktrini\u2019nin \u201csopa\u201ds\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken bir yandan da Chavezci rejimle m\u00fczakere etmek zorunda. Trump a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a, Chavezci rejimle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etmek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Chavizm de bu i\u015fbirli\u011fine haz\u0131r; ki bu da bizim y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00f6yledi\u011fimizi \u015feyi bir kez daha kan\u0131tl\u0131yor: Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmet, sosyalizmi in\u015fa eden solcu ve ger\u00e7ek anlamda antiemperyalist bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011fildir. Her zaman sahte \u201csosyalist\u201d s\u00f6ylemde bulunan bir kapitalist uzla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n, daha \u00f6nce \u201cnarkodiktat\u00f6rl\u00fck\u201d ve \u201ckom\u00fcnist\u201d diye su\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmetle anla\u015fma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na girmesinde politik sapma dikkat \u00e7ekici. Bunun nedeni, Trump\u2019\u0131n sinizminin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, i\u015flerini tehlikeye atacak siyasi istikrars\u0131zl\u0131ktansa ideolojisi ne olursa olsun istikrarl\u0131 bir diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck rejimini tercih eden \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki \u00e7okuluslu petrol \u015firketlerinin Venezuela\u2019ya do\u011frudan askeri m\u00fcdahaleye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum, Venezuela\u2019da kalan tek ABD petrol \u015firketi Chevron\u2019da 40 y\u0131l \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticilik yapan ve \u015fu anda Arjantin\u2019deki Vaca Muerta kaya gaz\u0131 olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan Ali Moshiri taraf\u0131ndan da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dile getirildi: \u201cBe\u011fenilsin ya da be\u011fenilmesin, mevcut sistemden biri olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015feyi dengeleyip diyalog kurabilecek biri olmal\u0131. Tamamen yeni biri getirilirse bir iktidar bo\u015flu\u011fu olu\u015fur; bu da g\u00fcvensizlik yarat\u0131r ve kimse yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaz.\u201d (Clar\u00edn<\/em>, Arjantin, 8\/1\/2026) Moshiri\u2019nin Hugo Ch\u00e1vez\u2019le de aras\u0131 iyiydi. 11 \u015eubat 2010\u2019da Orinoco Petrol Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019nda Chevron\u2019a verilen 40 y\u0131ll\u0131k imtiyaz t\u00f6reninde Venezuela Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ch\u00e1vez, \u00e7okuluslu bir \u015firketin temsilcisi olan Moshiri\u2019den Obama\u2019yla arabuluculuk yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015fti: \u201c[Umar\u0131m] durumu iyile\u015ftirmemize ve ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle ili\u015fkileri geli\u015ftirmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olursunuz [\u2026] Umar\u0131m Obama Orinoco Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u2019na gelir, onu buraya siz getirin.\u201d (Chavizm neden ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu?,<\/em> s. 133, Sim\u00f3n Rodr\u00edguez Porras ve Miguel Sorans. nahuelmoreno.org adresinden ula\u015f\u0131labilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi\u201d yalan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmet ile Trump aras\u0131nda siyasi-ekonomik bir anla\u015fman\u0131n istikrara kavu\u015fmas\u0131 tehlikesi ortadad\u0131r. \u0130UB-DE\u2019nin Venezuela seksiyonu Sosyalizm ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Partisi\u2019nin (PSL) de do\u011fru bi\u00e7imde uyard\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi<\/a>, \u201cTrump\u2019la anla\u015fmaya hay\u0131r\u201d diyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu anla\u015fma Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n\u0131n ve yoksul kesimlerin aleyhine, petrol\u00fcn \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlere ve yerli b\u00fcy\u00fck sermayeye daha fazla teslim edilmesi anlam\u0131na gelecektir. Bu skandal politik ihtimal, 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir savundu\u011fumuz tespiti do\u011frulamakta: S\u00f6zde \u201c21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi\u201d, Venezuela\u2019y\u0131 kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde tutman\u0131n arac\u0131 olan ideolojik-politik bir sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131kt\u0131r. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda antikapitalist m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctenlerin bunu kabul etmesinin vakti gelmi\u015ftir. K\u00fcresel reformist solun ve burjuva analistlerin Chavezci rejimin sosyalist, antikapitalist ve antiemperyalist oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddialar\u0131 hi\u00e7bir zaman do\u011fru de\u011fildi. Hatta baz\u0131 Tro\u00e7kist \u00e7evreler bile, 1960\u2019lar K\u00fcba\u2019s\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi rejimin radikalle\u015fece\u011fini ve sosyalizme do\u011fru ilerleyece\u011fini savunuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130UB-DE ve Venezuela\u2019da Orlando Chirino, Jos\u00e9 Bodas ve Miguel \u00c1ngel Hern\u00e1ndez \u00f6nderli\u011findeki PSL\u2019den yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z Chavizmin Hugo Ch\u00e1vez d\u00f6neminde de Maduro d\u00f6neminde de kapitalizmden kopu\u015fa ya da sosyalizme y\u00f6nelmedi\u011fini daima ifade etmi\u015ftir<\/a>.[2]<\/sup><\/a> Nahuel Moreno (1924-1987) taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Tro\u00e7kist sol ak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z daima Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmetten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerle uzla\u015fman\u0131n tehlikelerine dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Chavezci sendika b\u00fcrokrasisine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin ve emek hareketi m\u00fccadelelerinin her zaman yan\u0131nda olduk. Bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z tutumumuzun bedeli olarak, Kas\u0131m 2008\u2019de Aragua eyaleti sendika konfederasyonu Unete\u2019nin i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6nderlerinden Richard Gallardo, Luis Hern\u00e1ndez ve Carlos Requena suikastla katledildi. Profesyonel bir tetik\u00e7i, La Encrucijada\u2019daki bir restoranda, o b\u00f6lgede kazan\u0131mla sonu\u00e7lanan bir grevin ard\u0131ndan ak\u015fam yeme\u011fi yiyen yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kur\u015fun ya\u011fmuruna tuttu. Gallardo, Unete-Aragua\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131; Hern\u00e1ndez, Pepsi Cola sendikas\u0131n\u0131n genel sekreteri; Carlos Requena ise Produvisa \u015firketinde i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi temsilcisiydi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc de sendikal ak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z olan S\u0131n\u0131f M\u00fccadeleci, Birlik\u00e7i, Devrimci, \u00d6zerk Ak\u0131m (CCURA) ile \u015fu anda ad\u0131 PSL olan partimizin \u00fcyesiydi. Dava h\u00e2l\u00e2 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Chavezci rejimi burjuva Stalinist olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yoruz. Bu ne anlama geliyor? Bunun anlam\u0131, \u201c21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda sahte bir sosyalist ve antiemperyalist s\u00f6ylem kullanan, kapitalist ve bask\u0131c\u0131 bir rejim olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, kendisini \u201csosyalist\u201d, \u201cdevrimci\u201d olarak adland\u0131rmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kapitalist bir diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Filistin\u2019i desteklediklerini s\u00f6ylerler ve zaman zaman Ch\u00e1vez\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Lenin ve Tro\u00e7ki\u2019den bile al\u0131nt\u0131 yaparlar. Bu rejimi Videla veya Pinochet t\u00fcr\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131devrimci burjuva diktat\u00f6rl\u00fcklerden ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in burjuva Stalinist olarak nitelendirmemiz tam olarak bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r. Nikaragua ve K\u00fcba da, kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fckleriyle birlikte, burjuva-Stalinist rejimlerdir. T\u00fcm bunlar -\u00f6zellikle de Chavizm- sosyalizmin ad\u0131n\u0131 kirletmekte, kitle hareketi ve onun bilinci \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratmakta. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar sahte sol bir retorik kullan\u0131rken, bir yandan da kemer s\u0131kma politikalar\u0131 uygulayan ve \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerle anla\u015fmalar yapan kapitalist h\u00fck\u00fcmetler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi ile ilgili bu karma\u015fa \u00f6yle bir noktaya vard\u0131 ki, hem burjuva hem de sol bas\u0131n analistleri, Chavezcilik boyunca \u00e7okuluslu petrol \u015firketlerinin \u00fclkede faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye hep devam etti\u011fini ne yaz\u0131k ki h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00f6rmezden gelmekte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi \u201c\u00e7okuluslu petrol \u015firketlerinin Venezuela\u2019ya geri d\u00f6nmesi gerekti\u011fi\u201d iddias\u0131 yersizdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u015firketler zaten hi\u00e7 gitmedi. Hatta Chavezcili\u011fin petrol\u00fc kamula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131 da tamamen yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Petrol sanayisinin kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 1975\u2019te sosyal demokrat Carlos Andr\u00e9s P\u00e9rez h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kamu kurumu olan PDVSA kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00c7okuluslu \u015firketlere milyonlarca dolarl\u0131k tazminatlar \u00f6denmesi kabul edilmi\u015f; petrol end\u00fcstrisinin kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili yasan\u0131n 5. maddesinde, \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerin hizmet s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri yoluyla geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in kap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1990\u2019larda Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rafael Caldera\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6zde \u201cPetrol A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\u201d ile ya\u015fanan \u015fey budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00e1vez\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey ise, Venezuela\u2019da faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketlerin -ABD\u2019li olanlar dahil- ticari anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve imtiyaz sistemini ortak giri\u015fim modeliyle de\u011fi\u015ftirmek oldu. Ch\u00e1vez petrol end\u00fcstrisini kamula\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131. Bu kadar basit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1 Ocak 2006\u2019da, \u201cTam Petrol Egemenli\u011fi\u201d gibi g\u00f6steri\u015fli bir ad alt\u0131nda bir plan a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Bu planla Ch\u00e1vez h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, devlet petrol \u015firketi PDVSA\u2019y\u0131 ortak giri\u015fim modeline a\u00e7t\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re, daha \u00f6nce i\u015fletme imtiyazlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00e7okuluslu ve yerli \u00f6zel \u015firketler, PDVSA\u2019n\u0131n ortaklar\u0131 haline getirildi. Tek istisna olarak, \u201cY\u00fcklenici firmalar\u0131n ortak giri\u015fimlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi s\u00fcrecinde, devletin asgari y\u00fczde 51 ortakl\u0131k pay\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.\u201d Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, hisselerin y\u00fczde 49\u2019una kadar olan k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7okuluslu sermayeye ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Bu anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ilk imzalayan \u015firketler aras\u0131nda Chevron, Repsol, Shell, BP, Total, China National Petroleum, ENI, Statoil ve Petrobras yer ald\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca iki \u015firket bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc kabul etmeyerek \u00fclkeden \u00e7ekildi: ABD\u2019li Exxon Mobil ve Conoco Phillips. Bu \u015firketler Ch\u00e1vez taraf\u0131ndan kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131 ve \u00fclkeden ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra ortak giri\u015fimlere Japon Mitsubishi ile Rus Lukoil, Gazprom ve Rosneft\u2019in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u0130ran, Hindistan, Vietnam, K\u00fcba ve ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerden \u015firketler de kat\u0131ld\u0131. (Veriler: Ch\u00e1vezcilik neden ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu?,<\/em> Sim\u00f3n Rodr\u00edguez Porras ve Miguel Sorans, Editorial Cehus<\/em>, 2018, B\u00f6l\u00fcm IX. nahuelmoreno.org adresinden ula\u015f\u0131labilir.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nokta son derece \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Maduro, ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne kadar, ABD\u2019li petrol yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131na anla\u015fma teklif etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Haziran 2024\u2019te, yan\u0131nda Chevron-Venezuela ba\u015fkan\u0131 varken s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zleri<\/a> hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m: \u201cBen Nicol\u00e1s Maduro Moros, Bolivarc\u0131 Venezuela Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131y\u0131m; s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn eri, g\u00fcvenilir bir insan\u0131m. Venezuela\u2019ya yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z ho\u015f geldiniz; ABD ve Venezuela aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 bir ili\u015fki bi\u00e7imi do\u011frultusunda birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmemiz i\u00e7in Venezuela\u2019ya yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r.\u201d (Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k Bas\u0131n Bildirisi, 27\/6\/2024; Correspondencia Internacional<\/em> dergisi, say\u0131 53, A\u011fustos 2024\u2019te al\u0131nt\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Chevron \u00fclkeden hi\u00e7bir zaman gitmedi ve bug\u00fcn ihra\u00e7 edilen Venezuela petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 27\u2019si ABD\u2019ye Chevron arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6nderiliyor. Bu y\u00fczden Delcy Rodr\u00edguez, ABD ile ili\u015fkinin yeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ticaret ve ordu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00f6zde 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi, di\u011fer nedenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Chavizmin \u00e7okuluslu petrol \u015firketleriyle ortak giri\u015fimler kurmak \u00fczere anla\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. B\u00f6ylece devlet \u015firketi PDVSA \u00e7o\u011funluk hisseleri elinde tutarken, daha \u00f6nce y\u00fcklenici olan \u015firketler PDVSA ile petrol ticaretinin orta\u011f\u0131 haline geldi. Bu yolla \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketler, yeni petrol patronlar\u0131 ve rejimin yeni zenginleri -\u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rle beraber- b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00e2rlar elde etti. Bu da Venezuela\u2019da kapitalizmin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i halk ile yoksul kesimlerin yoksullu\u011funu derinle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Petrol ticareti etraf\u0131nda \u00f6r\u00fclen karanl\u0131k ili\u015fkiler, Chavezci rejimde -\u00f6zellikle ordu i\u00e7inde- b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yolsuzluk kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu ve olmaya devam ediyor. Bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 askerler, sivillerle birlikte, farkl\u0131 ekonomik sekt\u00f6rlerde onlarca \u015firketi kontrol ediyor. Petrol\u00fcn g\u00f6lgesinde zenginle\u015fen bu kesimler halk aras\u0131nda \u201cboliburjuvazi\u201d olarak biliniyor. Bu, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi yalan\u0131 e\u015fli\u011finde Chavizmin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla meydana gelen yeni bir toplumsal olgu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1999-2013 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Ch\u00e1vez\u2019in ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde 1.614 asker h\u00fck\u00fcmette \u00fcst d\u00fczey konumlara getirildi. Ch\u00e1vez\u2019in halefi Maduro ise 2013-2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ordunun sahip oldu\u011fu 14 \u015firket kurdu: Constructora y Automotores Ipsfa, Emcofanb (telekom\u00fcnikasyon), TVfanb (televizyon), Emiltra (ula\u015f\u0131m), Agrofanb (tar\u0131m), Banfanb (banka), Construfanb (in\u015faat), Cancorfanb (ta\u015f oca\u011f\u0131), Fondo Negro Primero (finans), Complejo Industrial Tiuna I ve II (su, giyim), Camimpeg (petrol ve madencilik), Neumalba (lastik), Imprefanb (matbaa). (Veriler: a.g.e. B\u00f6l\u00fcm VIII)<\/p>\n\n\n\n ABD yanl\u0131s\u0131 Venezuela sa\u011f\u0131 (Mar\u00eda Corina Machado, Guaid\u00f3, Leopoldo L\u00f3pez veya Capriles) ile Chavizm aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadele, bu kesimlerin petrol ticaretinde yeniden hegemonya kurmak, \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketler ve emperyalizmle do\u011frudan pazarl\u0131k yapmak istemelerinden kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bunlardan hi\u00e7birinin ve de Trump\u2019\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin ya\u015fam d\u00fczeyini y\u00fckseltmek ya da toplumsal e\u015fitsizli\u011fi sona erdirmek gibi bir hedefi yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PSL ve sendikal ak\u0131m\u0131 CCURA, kapitalist bir ekonomi alt\u0131nda petrol kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n teslim edilmesi s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fcddet\u00e7e 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizminin sahte oldu\u011funu en ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri te\u015fhir etti. Bunun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n yoksullu\u011funu derinle\u015ftirece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Chavizm, petrol zenginli\u011finin potansiyelini i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam standard\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmek; sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve bar\u0131nmay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek ve hatta Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n tarihsel olarak yokluk ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0131da ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretimini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nedenle ak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z, kapitalizmden kopu\u015f temelinde ba\u015fka bir politika \u00f6nerdi ve \u015fu \u015fiar\u0131 y\u00fckseltti: Venezuela\u2019da petrol \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketler olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, i\u015f\u00e7i ve halk denetimi ve y\u00f6netiminde, tamamen kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek sosyalizm ancak bu program\u0131 uygulayan bir i\u015f\u00e7i-emek\u00e7i h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fclkeyi tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck sosyal ve ekonomik krizine s\u00fcr\u00fckledi. Ya\u015fam standard\u0131 tarihinde hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. Bug\u00fcn asgari \u00fccret 1 dolar\u0131n alt\u0131nda. Bu durum milyonlarca i\u015f\u00e7i ve yoksulun Chavizmden beklentilerinden kopmas\u0131na, 7 milyondan fazla insan\u0131n \u00fclkeyi terk etmesine ve baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n politik olarak ve se\u00e7imlerde sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin sahte \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerine y\u00f6nelmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Maduro\u2019ya duyulan \u00f6fke ve \u00e7aresizlik, yanl\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imde emperyalist m\u00fcdahaleye umut ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etti. Ac\u0131 ger\u00e7ek i\u015fte budur. Bu nedenle \u00fclkede ABD\u2019nin askeri sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sokaklarda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc seferberlikler neredeyse hi\u00e7 ya\u015fanmad\u0131. \u0130\u015fte sonu\u00e7 budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Petrol\u00fcn Trump\u2019a teslim edilmesine y\u00f6nelik anla\u015fmalar\u0131 reddediyoruz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z, Venezuela\u2019da ve d\u00fcnyada Trump\u2019\u0131n askeri sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve Kolombiya ya da di\u011fer \u00fclkelere y\u00f6nelik her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131 giri\u015fimine kar\u015f\u0131 en geni\u015f eylem birli\u011fini savunmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ancak bunu, Delcy Rodr\u00edguez\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 sol muhalefet zemininden yap\u0131yoruz. Hedef, Trump\u2019\u0131 ve onun neo-s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci plan\u0131n\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratmak olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmete destek vermiyor ve ona g\u00fcvenmiyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00fck\u00fcmetin Trump\u2019la bir anla\u015fma yapmas\u0131 tehlikesi s\u00f6z konusu. Bu, Venezuela petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn ve do\u011fal-mineral zenginliklerinin daha fazla teslimi anlam\u0131na gelecek; kitlelerin yoksullu\u011funu derinle\u015ftirecek; toplumsal krizi a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131racak ve \u00fclkenin teslim olmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131racakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bask\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmesi tehlikesi de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Siyasi tutsaklar\u0131n k\u0131smi tahliyesi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olsa da, m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi i\u00e7in tutuklanan \u00e7ok say\u0131da petrol sendikas\u0131 \u00fcyesi i\u015f\u00e7i ve ba\u015fka sekt\u00f6rlerden sendika \u00fcyeleri h\u00e2l\u00e2 cezaevinde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nedenle, PSL ve \u0130UB-DE olarak, Venezuela i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 ve yoksul halk kesimlerini Trump\u2019a bel ba\u011flamamaya, -ba\u015fta petrol\u00fcn teslim edilmesi olmak \u00fczere- ABD ile yap\u0131lacak her t\u00fcrl\u00fc anla\u015fmay\u0131 reddetmeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yoruz. Chavizmin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal krizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n tek yolunun Mar\u00eda Corina Machado\u2019nun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi patron yanl\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011f partilere ya da Trump\u2019a ba\u011flanmaktan de\u011fil; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halk\u0131n seferber olmas\u0131ndan ve haklar\u0131n\u0131 talep etmesinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fine inan\u0131yoruz. Bu yolda ger\u00e7ek ve k\u00f6kten \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in; bir i\u015f\u00e7i-emek\u00e7i h\u00fck\u00fcmeti i\u00e7in, s\u00f6zde 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l sosyalizmi aldatmacas\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil ger\u00e7ek bir sosyalizm i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleye devam etmeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu do\u011frultuda PSL\u2019nin ortaya koydu\u011fu eylem program\u0131n\u0131<\/a> destekliyoruz: \u201c\u0130nsan onuruna yara\u015f\u0131r ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fccretlerin ve emekli maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde derhal seferber olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Emek\u00e7i halka y\u00f6nelik kemer s\u0131kma politikalar\u0131na son! \u00dccretlerin primlere b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine son! Toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yenilensin, grev hakk\u0131 ve sendikal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131ns\u0131n. Temmuz 2024\u2019teki se\u00e7im hilesine kar\u015f\u0131 protestolar s\u0131ras\u0131nda tutuklananlar dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm siyasi tutsaklar serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ls\u0131n. Meclis Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jorge Rodr\u00edguez\u2019in duyurdu\u011fu tutuklu tahliyeleri derhal hayata ge\u00e7irilsin. \u00d6zellikle de, m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi, yolsuzlu\u011fu te\u015fhir etti\u011fi ya da siyasi nedenlerle tutuklanan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin derhal serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyoruz. Halen cezaevinde tutulan 120\u2019den fazla petrol i\u015f\u00e7isi g\u00f6revlerine iade edilmelidir. \u0130\u015ften at\u0131lanlar derhal geri al\u0131ns\u0131n ve geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck maa\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6densin. Bask\u0131 ve takiplere son verilsin. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hal kararnamesi derhal kald\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n. Kapat\u0131lan medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131 yeniden a\u00e7\u0131ls\u0131n. Emek\u00e7i halk i\u00e7in tam siyasal haklar sa\u011flans\u0131n. Sol ve demokratik partiler yasalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n. Ortak giri\u015fimler ve \u00e7okuluslu tekeller olmaks\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczde 100 kamuya ait petrol istiyoruz. T\u00fcm \u00e7okuluslu \u015firketler ve b\u00fcy\u00fck yerli sermaye i\u00e7in artan oranl\u0131 vergiler getirilsin. Bu kaynaklar \u00fccret art\u0131\u015flar\u0131na, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa, e\u011fitime ve g\u0131da ile ila\u00e7 \u00fcretimine aktar\u0131ls\u0131n.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n PSL ayr\u0131ca Delcy Rodr\u00edguez h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden, Trump\u2019la pazarl\u0131k yapmak yerine, emperyalist m\u00fcdahaleye kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Trump\u2019\u0131n planlar\u0131n\u0131 ancak Latin Amerika ve d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fi yenilgiye u\u011fratabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n m\u00fcdahaleci sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na s\u00fcrekli seferberli\u011fe \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yoruz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Trump\u2019\u0131n Venezuela\u2019da, Latin Amerika\u2019da ya da Gr\u00f6nland\u2019da yeni bir askeri harek\u00e2t\u0131 ihtimal d\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil. S\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz gibi, Venezuela\u2019da hen\u00fcz hi\u00e7bir \u015fey durum \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f de de\u011fil. Trump, Chavezci h\u00fck\u00fcmet y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmezse yeni askeri ad\u0131mlar at\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Ayr\u0131ca Kolombiya\u2019y\u0131, K\u00fcba\u2019y\u0131, Meksika\u2019y\u0131 ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 tehdit etti; Gr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek istiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nedenle, \u0130UB-DE ve PSL olarak, Venezuela\u2019ya askeri m\u00fcdahaleye ve daha fazla m\u00fcdahale tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 Latin Amerika\u2019da ve d\u00fcnya genelinde seferberli\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in en geni\u015f eylem birli\u011fi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 bir kez daha yineliyoruz. Kolombiya, Brezilya, \u015eili ve Meksika devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131n sald\u0131rgan tehditlerini reddetti; ancak s\u00f6zle kalmay\u0131p harekete ge\u00e7meleri ve k\u0131ta \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir seferberlik \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 talep etmeliyiz. Bug\u00fcne kadar bunu yapmad\u0131lar. Bu y\u00fczden, demokratik ve antiemperyalist olan politik, sendikal, \u00f6\u011frenci, kad\u0131n ve lgbti+ \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin her \u00fclkede ABD b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilikleri veya konsolosluklar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde ve sokaklarda birle\u015fik eylemler \u00f6rg\u00fctlemesi ve k\u0131ta \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir eylem g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapmas\u0131 acil \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131makta. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011fc\u0131 Trump\u2019\u0131 durdurmak ve yenmek i\u00e7in Latin Amerika ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir birle\u015fik harekete ihtiya\u00e7 var. Venezuela petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, Maduro\u2019nun ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve petrol ambargosunun s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi tehditlerini k\u0131namak i\u00e7in soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m. ABD gemileri, Karayipler\u2019den defol! Pasifik ve Karayipler\u2019deki su\u00e7 niteli\u011findeki bombard\u0131manlara son! Kolombiya, K\u00fcba, Meksika ve Gr\u00f6nland\u2019a y\u00f6nelik tehditlere hay\u0131r! Trump, Venezuela\u2019dan ve Latin Amerika\u2019dan defol!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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