{"id":258,"date":"2009-01-20T00:34:04","date_gmt":"2009-01-19T21:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/94.237.85.66\/?p=258"},"modified":"2019-02-16T01:59:42","modified_gmt":"2019-02-15T22:59:42","slug":"butun-yaratiklari-katledin-gazze-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/2009\/01\/20\/butun-yaratiklari-katledin-gazze-2009\/","title":{"rendered":"“B\u00fct\u00fcn yarat\u0131klar\u0131 katledin”: Gazze 2009*"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Noam Chomsky <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

27 Aral\u0131k Cumartesi (2008) g\u00fcn\u00fc, savunmas\u0131z Filistinlilere y\u00f6nelik son ABD-\u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. \u0130srail bas\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6re sald\u0131r\u0131 6 ay \u00f6ncesinden \u00f6zenle planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ki unsurdan (askeri harek\u00e2t ve propaganda) olu\u015fan plan, tasar\u0131m\u0131 yetersiz ve tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen 2006 L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgali derslerine dayan\u0131yordu. Bu y\u00fczden, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilenlerin ve s\u00f6ylenenlerin \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan emin olabiliriz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu, ku\u015fkusuz sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131 i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli: \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okuldan d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu Gazze kenti sokaklar\u0131n en kalabal\u0131k oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011fle \u00fczeri. 225\u2019in \u00fczerinde insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve 700\u2019den \u00e7o\u011funun yaralanmas\u0131 sadece birka\u00e7 dakika ald\u0131… Ka\u00e7acak tek bir deli\u011fi olmayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kafeste savunmas\u0131z sivillerin kitlesel k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

New York Times <\/em>muhabiri Ethan Bronner, \u201cGazze Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ncelerken\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makalesinde, bu ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 en \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlardan biri olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. 1950\u2019lilerden kalan bir kuram uyar\u0131nca, \u0130srail son derece orant\u0131s\u0131z \u015fiddet uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 hakl\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u201cdeliye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc vermenin avantajl\u0131 olabilece\u011fini hesaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cCumartesi sabah\u0131 \u0130srail sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131daki hedefe e\u015f zamanl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde sald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131nda, Gazze\u2019li Filistinliler daha birinci g\u00fcnden mesaj\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f oldular,\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor Bronner: \u201cBir anda 200 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ba\u015fta Hamas olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm Gazze \u015fok ge\u00e7irdi.\u201d Bronner\u2019a g\u00f6re \u201cdeliye d\u00f6nme\u201d takti\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015fa benziyor: \u201cGazze halk\u0131n\u0131n bu sava\u015ftan Hamas\u2019\u0131 (se\u00e7ilmi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmeti – N.C.) durdurmak isteyecek denli ac\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fine ili\u015fkin fazlaca bir delil yok\u201d. Bu da eskilere dayanan bir ba\u015fka devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fc doktrini. Laf aras\u0131nda, Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n ar\u015fivlerinde, kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 her ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olmu\u015fsa da, \u201c\u00c7e\u00e7enya Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ncelerken\u201d adl\u0131 bir makalenin bulundu\u011funu an\u0131msam\u0131yorum,. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titizlikle haz\u0131rlanan plan olas\u0131l\u0131kla sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n, Obama\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6revi devralma t\u00f6reninin hemen \u00f6ncesine rastlat\u0131lan sona erdirili\u015fini de i\u00e7eriyordu. B\u00f6ylece, Obama\u2019n\u0131n Amerika destekli bu i\u011fren\u00e7 cinayete ili\u015fkin bir iki ele\u015ftirel laf etme (uzak) tehlikesi de en aza indirilmi\u015f oluyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir Sabbath <\/em>(Yahudilerce kutsal kabul edilen dinlenme g\u00fcn\u00fc – \u00e7.n.) ba\u015flat\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131dan iki hafta sonra, Gazze\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc enkaza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f halde ve toplam \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 bini bulmu\u015fken, bir\u00e7ok Gazzelinin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu UNRWA (Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Filistin M\u00fcltecilerine Yard\u0131m Ajans\u0131), \u0130srail ordusunun Sabbath <\/em>nedeniyle Gazze\u2019ye yard\u0131m sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131 durdurdu\u011funu duyurdu. Kutsal g\u00fcne sayg\u0131 nedeniyle, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn e\u015fi\u011findeki Filistinlilere g\u0131da maddesi ve ila\u00e7 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ama y\u00fczlercesinin Amerikan yap\u0131m\u0131 bombard\u0131man u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ve helikopterleriyle katledilmesinde bir mahsur yoktu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sabbath <\/em>g\u00fcn\u00fcne duyulan bu ikili sayg\u0131 man\u015fetlere pek \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Asl\u0131nda normal bu. Zira Amerika-\u0130srail su\u00e7 \u015febekesinin y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131nda, bu d\u00fczeydeki zalimlikler ve ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fckler, dipnot olmaktan pek fazlas\u0131n\u0131 hak etmez. Bunlar \u00e7ok ola\u011fand\u0131r. Benzer bir \u00f6rnek, Haziran 1982\u2019de ABD deste\u011findeki \u0130srail ordusunun L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgalini, Filistin m\u00fclteci kamplar\u0131 Sabra ve \u015eatilla\u2019y\u0131 bombalayarak ba\u015flatmas\u0131yd\u0131; bu kamplar daha sonra, IDF\u2019nin (\u0130srail \u201cSavunma\u201d Kuvvetleri) denetimindeki korkun\u00e7 katliam\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi yerler olarak \u00fcn kazanacakt\u0131. Amerikal\u0131 Ortado\u011fu akademik uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, bombard\u0131man s\u0131ras\u0131nda yerel bir hastane – Gazze Hastanesi – vurulmu\u015f ve 200\u2019den fazla ki\u015fi \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu katliam, Amerika\u2019n\u0131n askeri ve diplomatik deste\u011finde 15-20.000 insan\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp, G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan ve Beyrut\u2019un yerle bir edilmesine neden olan i\u015fgalin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 harekat\u0131yd\u0131. Buna, bu canice sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 durdurmaya y\u00f6nelik BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n veto edilmesi, \u0130srail\u2019in adil bir politik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm tehlikesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda savunulmas\u0131, \u0130sraillilerin yo\u011fun f\u00fcze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden uydurmaca gerek\u00e7elerin desteklenmesi e\u015flik etmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar normaldi ve \u0130srailli yetkililerce olduk\u00e7a a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde dile getirilmi\u015fti. 30 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mordechai Gur, 1948\u2019den beri \u201ckentlerde ve k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli sava\u015f\u0131yoruz,\u201d diyordu. \u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6nde gelen askeri analizcilerinden Zeev Schiff ise d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini \u015f\u00f6yle ifade ediyor: \u201c\u0130srail ordusu bilerek ve isteyerek hep sivilleri hedef alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r… Ordu asla sivil hede eri [askeri hede erden] ay\u0131rmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r… bilerek sivil hede ere sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Bunun nedenini, \u00fcnl\u00fc devlet adam\u0131 Abba Eban a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201cSonunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek olan mant\u0131kl\u0131 bir beklenti vard\u0131; durumdan etkilenen toplumlar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131 uygulayacaklard\u0131.\u201d Bu beklenti, Eban\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok iyi bildi\u011fi gibi, \u0130srail\u2019in yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 geni\u015fleme ve vah\u015fi bask\u0131 politikalar\u0131n\u0131 kimsenin m\u00fcdahalesi olmadan hayata ge\u00e7irebilmesini olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lmakt\u0131. Ba\u015fbakan Begin\u2019in \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin sivillere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren Eban, \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in her f\u0131rsatta kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak sivillere sald\u0131rarak onulmaz ac\u0131lara ve katliamlara neden olmas\u0131, akla ne Begin\u2019in ne de benim ad\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya cesaret edemeyece\u011fimiz rejimleri getiriyor,\u201d diyordu. Eban, Begin\u2019in de\u011findi\u011fi olaylara ili\u015fkin bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylemiyor, ama bunlar\u0131 aleni olarak a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in onu ele\u015ftiriyordu. Eban\u2019\u0131n kitlesel devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc savunmas\u0131n\u0131n onun bile ad\u0131n\u0131 anamayaca\u011f\u0131 rejimleri akla getirmesi ise, ne Eban\u2019\u0131n ne de taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n umurundayd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eban\u2019\u0131n devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc hakl\u0131 g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gerek\u00e7eler, sayg\u0131n y\u00f6neticiler taraf\u0131ndan inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bulunmu\u015f durumda. Son Amerikan-\u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcm \u015fiddetiyle s\u00fcrerken Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6\u015fe yazar\u0131 Thomas Friedman, hem bu sald\u0131r\u0131da hem de 2006\u2019daki L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktiklerin sa\u011flam bir ilkeye, \u201c\u00e7ok say\u0131da Hamas militan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek ve t\u00fcm Gazze toplumunda a\u011f\u0131r ac\u0131lara yol a\u00e7arak Hamas\u2019\u0131 \u2018e\u011fitmeye\u2019 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak\u201d ilkesine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. Bu pragmatik a\u00e7\u0131dan mant\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor; t\u0131pk\u0131 L\u00fcbnan\u2019da \u201cgelecekte Hizbullah\u2019\u0131 zapt edebilmek i\u00e7in uzun vadeli cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sivillere – militanlar\u0131n ailelerine ve i\u015fverenlerine – yeterince ac\u0131 \u00e7ektirmeye dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201d gibi. Benzer bir mant\u0131kla, Bin Laden\u2019in 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131 \u201ce\u011fitme\u201d \u00e7abalar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten takdire \u015fayand\u0131, t\u0131pk\u0131 Lidice ve Orador\u2019daki Nazi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 gibi; Grozny\u2019deki Putin y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ve akla gelen di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u201ce\u011fitim\u201d giri\u015fimleri gibi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail bu temel ilkelerine sad\u0131k kalabilmek i\u00e7in epeyce \u00e7aba harcad\u0131. New York Times <\/em>(NYT) muhabiri Stephen Erlanger, \u0130srailli insan haklar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in sivil yap\u0131lar olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 gereken parlamentoya, polis karakollar\u0131na ve ba\u015fkanl\u0131k saray\u0131na sald\u0131rmas\u0131ndan tedirgin olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyor; b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara k\u00f6yler, konutlar, kalabal\u0131k m\u00fclteci kamplar\u0131, su ve kanalizasyon sistemleri, hastahaneler, okullar, \u00fcniversiteler, camiler, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler yard\u0131m tesisleri, ambulanslar, ve ya\u015fam\u0131 hi\u00e7e say\u0131lan insanlar\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 biraz dindirebilecek her \u015fey eklenebilir. Y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyli bir \u0130srail istihbarat g\u00f6revlisi, IDF\u2019nin \u201cHamas\u2019a her iki cepheden, hem direni\u015fine yani askeri yan\u0131na, hem de davas\u0131na yani toplumsal yan\u0131na\u201d sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131; bu ikincisi sivil topluma bir methiye olsa gerek. \u201cHamas bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u201d diye devam ediyor Erlanger, \u201cve sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, onun t\u00fcm politik ve toplumsal denetim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 roket rampalar\u0131 kadar me\u015fru hede er aras\u0131ndad\u0131r\u201d. K\u00f6\u015fe yazarlar\u0131 ve muhabirler sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131na anlay\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterirken, hatta bunlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a savunusunu yaparken, ne Erlanger ne de gazete edit\u00f6rleri, sivil hede ere y\u00f6nelik kitlesel ter\u00f6r\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a savunulmas\u0131na ve de uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin, herhangi bir yorumda bulundular. Gene de ortak kurallar gere\u011fi Erlanger, Hamas\u2019\u0131n roket sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u201cayr\u0131m g\u00f6sterme ilkesinin a\u00e7\u0131k ihlali ve klasik ter\u00f6rizm tan\u0131m\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uyan eylemler\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamaktan geri kalmad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6lgeyi iyi tan\u0131yan di\u011fer Ortado\u011fu uzmanlar\u0131 gibi Fawwaz Gerges de, \u201c\u0130srailli yetkililerin ve onun Amerikal\u0131 dostlar\u0131n\u0131n anlayamad\u0131klar\u0131, Hamas\u2019\u0131n sadece bir silahl\u0131 milis de\u011fil, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumun derinliklerine k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f geni\u015f bir halk temeline dayal\u0131 bir sosyal hareket oldu\u011fudur,\u201d diyor. Bu y\u00fczden Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u201ctoplumsal kanad\u0131n\u0131\u201d yok etme plan\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya soktuklar\u0131nda Filistin toplumunu tahrip etmeyi hede iyorlard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gerges fazlas\u0131yla kibar davran\u0131yor. \u0130srailli ve Amerikal\u0131 yetkililerin \u2013 medyan\u0131n ve di\u011fer yorumcular\u0131n – bu olgular\u0131 kavrayamad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez. Onlar daha ziyade \u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc halde, \u015fiddeti tekellerinde toplam\u0131\u015flar\u0131n geleneksel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 uyguluyorlar: yumru\u011fumuz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc muhalefeti ezer, ve e\u011fer sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 sivil zayiat fazlaca olursa, bu da bir i\u015fe yarayabilir; belki geri kalanlar b\u00f6ylece e\u011fitilmi\u015f olur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

IDF komutanlar\u0131, sivil toplumu y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ethan Bronner, \u0130srailli bir albay\u0131n, ne kendisinin ne de emrindeki askerlerin \u201cHamas militanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok da etkilenmediklerini\u201d s\u00f6yledi\u011fini aktar\u0131yor. Z\u0131rhl\u0131 bir personel ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ni\u015fanc\u0131 erine g\u00f6re de, \u201csadece silahl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclerdi.\u201d Bu insanlar, Reagan\u2019\u0131n \u201cTer\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele\u201d \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ter\u00f6rist liderlerinden olan \u015eimon Perez\u2019in \u00f6nderli\u011finde 1985\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen \u201cdemir yumruk\u201d harekat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019da \u00f6l\u00fcm sa\u00e7an IDF kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Bu operasyonlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130srailli komutanlar ve strateji uzmanlar\u0131, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin \u201cter\u00f6rist k\u00f6yl\u00fcler\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdi, k\u00f6klerini kaz\u0131mak zordu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u201cbu ter\u00f6ristler yerel halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun deste\u011fiyle faaliyet g\u00f6steriyorlard\u0131\u201d. Bir \u0130srailli subay, \u201cter\u00f6ristlerin burada bir s\u00fcr\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00fc var, zira burada ya\u015f\u0131yorlar,\u201d derken, Jarusalem Post<\/em>\u2019un sava\u015f muhabiri \u0130srail kuvvetlerinin \u201cparal\u0131 ter\u00f6ristlere\u201d kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ederken kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yordu: \u201cb\u00f6lge sakinlerinin \u00f6deyece\u011fi hesap ne olursa olsun\u201d i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019da \u201cd\u00fczeni ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamak\u201d zorunda olan \u201cIDF kuvvetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyet g\u00f6sterirken, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeyi g\u00f6ze alacak kadar kendilerini davalar\u0131na adam\u0131\u015f fanatikler bu insanlar\u201d. Bu, Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n G\u00fcney Vietnam\u2019dan, Ruslar\u0131n Afganistan\u2019dan, Almanlar\u0131n Avrupa\u2019dan \u00e7ok iyi bildi\u011fi ve kendini Gur-Eban-Friedman doktrininin uygulay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6ren b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6b\u00fcr sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sorun. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gerges, Amerika-\u0130srail devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor: \u201cHamas,\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor, \u201cyar\u0131m milyon Filistinliyi katletmeden yok edilemez. E\u011fer \u0130srail, Hamas\u2019\u0131n k\u0131demli liderlerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilmeyi ba\u015far\u0131rsa, yeni nesil \u00f6ncekilerden \u00e7ok daha radikal olacak, h\u0131zla di\u011ferlerinin yerini dolduracakt\u0131r. Hamas hayat\u0131n bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi. Onun gidecek bir yeri yok ve t\u00fcm kay\u0131plar\u0131na ra\u011fmen beyaz bayrak \u00e7ekmeyecektir.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belki, ama her zaman \u015fiddetin etkisini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsemeye y\u00f6nelik bir e\u011filim vard\u0131r. Bu inanc\u0131n \u00f6zellikle Amerika\u2019da savunulmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a tuhaf. Biz neden buraday\u0131z? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hamas\u2019tan genellikle, \u201c\u0130srail\u2019i yok etmeyi kafas\u0131na koymu\u015f \u0130ran destekli Hamas,\u201d diye s\u00f6z edilir. Bunun yerine, \u201cUluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm (30 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir, Filistinlilerin kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 reddeden Amerika ve \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan engellenen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm) do\u011frultusunda \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131larda bulunan, demokratik se\u00e7imle i\u015fba\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015f Hamas,\u201d gibi bir ifadeye rastlamak pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bunlar do\u011fru, ama Parti \u00c7izgisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yarars\u0131z, o halde gereksiz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da de\u011finilen t\u00fcrden ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar, ikincil olmakla birlikte gene de bize kendimiz ve m\u00fc\u015fterilerimiz hakk\u0131nda bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011fretiyor. Di\u011ferleri de \u00f6yle. Bir di\u011ferini ele alal\u0131m: Gazze\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik son Amerika-\u0130srail i\u015fgali ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan Gazze\u2019ye, Dignity <\/em>adl\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir gemi yol almaktayd\u0131. Gemideki hekimlerin ve insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131n\u0131n amac\u0131, \u0130srail\u2019in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 canice ablukay\u0131 k\u0131rmak ve bu hapsedilmi\u015f halka t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m ula\u015ft\u0131rabilmekti. Teknenin \u00f6n\u00fc, uluslararas\u0131 sularda, \u0130srail\u2019in deniz kuvvetlerine ait gemilerce kesildi; sert bi\u00e7imde bordalanan ve az daha batma tehlikesi ge\u00e7iren tekne, gene de L\u00fcbnan sular\u0131na girmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131. \u0130srail\u2019in ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu her zamanki yalanlar\u0131 ise teknedeki gazeteciler ve di\u011fer yolcular \u015fiddetle reddettiler, bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda CNN muhabiri Karl Penhaul ile eski ABD temsilciler meclisi \u00fcyesi ve \u015fimdi Ye\u015fil Parti ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 Cynthia McKinney de vard\u0131. Bu ciddi bir su\u00e7; hatta \u00f6rne\u011fin, Somali k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki gemi korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha da a\u011f\u0131r. Olay bas\u0131nda pek yer almad\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7lar\u0131n sessizce ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilmesi, Gazze\u2019nin i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda bir \u00fclke oldu\u011fu ve \u0130srail\u2019in bu \u00fclkeye ambargo uygulamaya yetkisinin bulundu\u011fu, hatta uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczen koruyucular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, emirlerine uymayan sivilleri cezaland\u0131rma program\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koyabilmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k sularda su\u00e7 i\u015fleme yetkisiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yolundaki anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yor \u2013bu cinayetleri i\u015flerken ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, herkes\u00e7e benimsenen ama kabul edilemez gerek\u00e7elere birazdan geri d\u00f6nece\u011fiz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konudaki ilgisizli\u011fin de bir anlam\u0131 var. \u0130srail, on y\u0131llard\u0131r K\u0131br\u0131s ve L\u00fcbnan aras\u0131ndaki uluslararas\u0131 sularda gemi korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131yor, yolcular\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131yor ya da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyor, hatta bazen onlar\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019deki hapishanelere ya da gizli i\u015fkence odalar\u0131na t\u0131k\u0131yor, onlar\u0131 orada y\u0131llarca tutuyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu uygulamalar s\u0131radanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu yeni su\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yaygara yapman\u0131n anlam\u0131 ne? K\u0131br\u0131s ve L\u00fcbnan olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 tepki g\u00f6sterdiler, ama verili \u00e7er\u00e7evede ne rolleri olabilir ki? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki Daily Star<\/em>\u2019\u0131n genellikle Bat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131 edit\u00f6rleri, \u201cGazze\u2019deki 1.5 milyon insan, teknolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en ileri, ama ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan en geri askeri makinesince \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir zul\u00fcm alt\u0131nda tutuluyor. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde Avrupa\u2019daki Yahudilerin durumu neyse, \u015fimdi Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki Filistinlilerin durumunun da o oldu\u011fu s\u0131k s\u0131k ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir benzetmedir ve bu benzetmede do\u011fruluk pay\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Buradan hareketle, ne kadar can s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olursa olsun, \u015funu da s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Nas\u0131l Naziler soyk\u0131r\u0131m su\u00e7unu i\u015flerken Avrupal\u0131lar ve Kuzey Amerikal\u0131lar g\u00f6zlerini ba\u015fka tarafa \u00e7evirmi\u015flerse, \u015fimdi de Araplar \u0130srail\u2019in Filistinli \u00e7ocuklara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zul\u00fcme herhangi bir tepki g\u00f6stermemenin bir yolunu buluyorlar,\u201d diye yazsalar bile, bunu kim \u00f6nemser? Arap rejimleri aras\u0131nda belki en utan\u00e7 verici olan\u0131 da M\u0131s\u0131r diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr, \u0130srail\u2019in d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ABD askeri yard\u0131mlar\u0131ndan aslan pay\u0131n\u0131 alan \u00fclke. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fcbnan bas\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6re \u0130srail h\u00e2l\u00e2, \u201cMavi Hat\u2019\u0131n [uluslararas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r] L\u00fcbnan taraf\u0131ndan, sivilleri ka\u00e7\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor, bunun en son \u00f6rne\u011fi 2008 Kas\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fand\u0131\u201d.\u201d Ve elbette, \u201c\u0130srail u\u00e7aklar\u0131, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in 1701 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal ederek L\u00fcbnan hava sahas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar\u201d (L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 uzman Alam Saad-Ghorayeb, Daily Star<\/em>, 13 Ocak). Bu da uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden bir olay. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u0130srail strateji uzman\u0131 Zeev Maoz, bas\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019in 2006 L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgalini ele\u015ftirirken, \u201c\u0130srail alt\u0131 y\u0131l \u00f6nce L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan geri \u00e7ekili\u015finden beri her g\u00fcn ke\u015fif u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek L\u00fcbnan hava sahas\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmektedir. Do\u011fru, bu u\u00e7u\u015flar L\u00fcbnan\u2019da herhangi bir kayba yol a\u00e7mad\u0131, ama gene de s\u0131n\u0131r ihlali, s\u0131n\u0131r ihlalidir. Bu noktada da, \u0130srail\u2019in dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ahlaki temel yoktur,\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor. Asl\u0131nda genel anlamda, \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in L\u00fcbnan\u2019da Hizbullah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sava\u015f\u0131, adil ve ahlaki olarak kabul etme mutabakat\u0131n\u0131n\u201d dayanaca\u011f\u0131 herhangi bir temel yoktur; bu, \u201cse\u00e7ici ve k\u0131sa vadeli haf\u0131zaya, i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ve \u00e7ifte standartlara dayal\u0131 bir mutabakatt\u0131r. Bu hakl\u0131 bir sava\u015f de\u011fildir, g\u00fc\u00e7 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetmeksizin uygulanmaktad\u0131r, ve nihai hede gaspt\u0131r.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maoz\u2019un \u0130srailli okuyuculara an\u0131msatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u0130srail\u2019in L\u00fcbnanl\u0131lar\u0131 deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in ses duvar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flar, 1978\u2019den beri be\u015f kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u015fgalin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bu \u00fclkede i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lar\u0131n en ha dir: \u201c28 Haziran 1988\u2019de \u0130srail \u00d6zel Kuvvetleri \u015eeyh Obeyd\u2019i ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131; ve 21 May\u0131s 1994\u2019te de, \u0130srailli pilot Ron Arad\u2019in yakalanmas\u0131ndan [1986\u2019da L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 bombalarken] sorumlu tutulan Mustafa Dirani\u2019yi. \u0130srail bu iki insan\u0131 ve 20 kadar ba\u015fka L\u00fcbnanl\u0131\u2019y\u0131, herhangi bir yarg\u0131lama olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, uzun s\u00fcreler ve gizli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda hapiste tuttu. Bu insanlar\u0131 \u2018pazarl\u0131k kozu\u2019 olarak elinde bulundurdu. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, esir de\u011fi\u015fimi amac\u0131yla \u0130srailliler\u2019in ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan kabul edilemez ve bunu Hizbullah yaparsa da, askeri a\u00e7\u0131dan cezaland\u0131r\u0131labilir bir durum, ama ayn\u0131 \u015feyi, \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ve uzun s\u00fcreler boyunca olsa bile, \u0130srail yaparsa bu bir sorun olu\u015fturmuyor.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in d\u00fczenli olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131n, bunlar\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019in su\u00e7lulu\u011funu ve Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n buna deste\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra da \u00f6nemi var. Maoz\u2019un belirttigi gibi, \u0130srail\u2019in bu uygulamalar\u0131, 2006\u2019da s\u0131n\u0131rda askerleri yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etme hakk\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu yolundaki standart iddian\u0131n ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurguluyor; Hizbullah\u2019\u0131n bu eylemi, \u0130srail\u2019in 22 y\u0131ll\u0131k G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi kararlar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal ederek i\u015fgal etti\u011fi G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan \u00e7ekilmesini izleyen alt\u0131 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki ilk s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi harekat\u0131yd\u0131, oysa bu alt\u0131 y\u0131l boyunca \u0130srail hemen her g\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r ihlalinde bulunmu\u015ftu, ve tekrar sessizlik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131radanla\u015fan bir ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck daha. Thomas Friedman, alt s\u0131n\u0131ftan insanlar\u0131n ter\u00f6rist \u015fiddetle nas\u0131l \u201ce\u011fitilebilece\u011fini\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klarken, \u0130srail\u2019in 2006 L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgalini, G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n ve Beyrut\u2019un tekrar tahrip edilip gene y\u00fczlerce insan\u0131n katledilmesini, sadece \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan tek tara \u0131 olarak \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra \u0130srail-L\u00fcbnan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda durduk yerde sava\u015f ba\u015flatan Hizbullah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6z-savunma eylemi\u201d olarak g\u00f6steriyordu. Buradaki aldatmacay\u0131 bir kenara b\u0131rakal\u0131m, ayn\u0131 mant\u0131kla, Hizbullah\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiklerinden \u00e7ok daha kanl\u0131 ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ter\u00f6rist sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 da, \u0130srail\u2019in L\u00fcbnan\u2019da ve a\u00e7\u0131k denizlerde i\u015fledi\u011fi ve Hizbullah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rda iki asker yakalamas\u0131n\u0131 fersah fersah a\u015fan su\u00e7lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir yan\u0131t\u0131 olarak, tamamen hakl\u0131 g\u00f6sterilebilir. New York Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n bu \u00e7ok deneyimli Ortado\u011fu uzman\u0131, elbette b\u00fct\u00fcn bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu biliyordur, en az\u0131ndan kendi gazetesini okuyordur: \u00d6rne\u011fin, 1983 Kas\u0131m\u0131\u2019nda tutuklu m\u00fcbadelesiyle ilgili bir haberin on sekizinci paragraf\u0131nda, Arap tutsaklardan 37\u2019sinin \u201cson s\u0131ralarda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan Tripoli\u2019ye giderken, yolda \u0130srail Deniz Kuvvetlerince ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu,\u201d yaz\u0131yordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elbette g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fclere ve zenginlere kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen, onlar\u0131nkine benzer eylemlere ili\u015fkin bu tip b\u00fct\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar temel bir hataya dayan\u0131r: biz biziz, onlar da onlar. Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne tamamen i\u015flemi\u015f olan bu temel ilke, en hassas analojinin ve en m\u00fckemmel ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin bile alt\u0131n\u0131 oymaya yeter. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ben bunlar\u0131 yazarken, yard\u0131m organizat\u00f6rleri \u201cLarnaca Uluslararas\u0131 Havaalan\u0131 ve Larnaca Liman\u0131 g\u00fcmr\u00fcklerinden ge\u00e7mi\u015f, m\u00fch\u00fcrl\u00fc sand\u0131klarda acil t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m malzemeleri ta\u015f\u0131yan\u201d ba\u015fka bir teknenin K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan Gazze\u2019ye do\u011fru yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdiler. Yolcular\u0131n aras\u0131nda Avrupal\u0131 parlamenterler ve hekimler bulunuyor. \u0130srail\u2019e giri\u015fimin insani amac\u0131 bildirilmi\u015f durumda. Yeterince kamu bask\u0131s\u0131 uygulan\u0131rsa, belki ba\u015flar\u0131na bir i\u015f gelmeden ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fabilirler. [Teknenin Gazze\u2019ye yana\u015fmas\u0131 \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan engellendi – \u00e7.n.] <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda Amerika ve \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019de i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lar, herhangi bir standart kategoriye kolayca yerle\u015ftirilemez – bilindik olma kategorisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda; yukar\u0131 – da buna ili\u015fkin birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermi\u015ftim, di\u011ferlerine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finece\u011fim. Kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla bu su\u00e7lar ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin resmi \u201cter\u00f6r\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131na denk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor, ama tan\u0131m su\u00e7lar\u0131n devasa boyutunu yeterince yans\u0131tm\u0131yor. Bunlar \u201csald\u0131r\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lamaz, zira ABD\u2019nin \u00fcst\u00fc kapal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kabul etti\u011fi gibi, su\u00e7lar i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f topraklarda i\u015fleniyor. \u0130\u015fgal edilmi\u015f topraklardaki \u0130srail yerle\u015fim yerlerine ili\u015fkin bilimsel tarih kitab\u0131 \u201cLords of the Land\u201dde [Topraklar\u0131n Efendileri] \u0130dit Zertal ve Akiva Eldar, \u0130srail\u2019in 2005\u2019te Gazze\u2019den \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra geriye kalan tahrip olmu\u015f b\u00f6lgenin \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in askeri boyunduru\u011fundan ya da sakinlerinin her g\u00fcn \u00f6demek zorunda kald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fgal faturas\u0131ndan bir g\u00fcn olsun kurtulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d yaz\u0131yorlar; \u201c…\u0130srail geride kavrulmu\u015f topraklar, tahrip olmu\u015f bir altyap\u0131 ve ne \u015fimdisi ne de gelece\u011fi olan insanlar b\u0131rakt\u0131. Yerle\u015fim yerleri, asl\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeyi h\u00e2l\u00e2 denetleyen ve m\u00fcthi\u015f bir askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 sayesinde sakinlerini \u00f6ld\u00fcren ve ezen barbar bir i\u015fgalci taraf\u0131ndan ac\u0131mas\u0131zca tahrip edilmi\u015fti\u201d \u2013 ABD deste\u011fi ve kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sayesinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir vah\u015fetle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen bir politika. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amerika-\u0130srail\u2019in Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 daha \u015eubat 2006\u2019da, \u0130srail\u2019in resmen geri \u00e7ekili\u015finden birka\u00e7 ay sonra, Filistinliler \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc bir su\u00e7 i\u015fledikleri zaman, yani \u00f6zg\u00fcr se\u00e7imlerde \u201cyanl\u0131\u015f olana\u201d oy verdikleri zaman haz\u0131rlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 di\u011ferleri gibi Filistinliler de, Efendi\u2019nin emirlerine itaatsizli\u011fin cezas\u0131z kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiler; ayd\u0131n \u00e7evrelerde komik duruma d\u00fc\u015fme pahas\u0131na h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u201cdemokrasi arzusu\u201d gevezeliklerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Efendi\u2019nin, bir di\u011fer ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 oldu bu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSald\u0131rganl\u0131k\u201d ya da \u201cter\u00f6rizm\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Amerikan askeri teknolojisinin en geli\u015fkin \u00fcr\u00fcnleriyle un ufak edilirken, ka\u00e7acak deli\u011fi bile olmayan insanlara yap\u0131lan bu al\u00e7ak i\u015fkenceyi ve sadistli\u011fi ifade edebilmek i\u00e7in yeni terimlere ihtiya\u00e7 var. Bu teknolojinin sadece uluslararas\u0131 yasalara de\u011fil, Amerikan yasalar\u0131na bile ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ise, zaten yasalara ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak kendini devlet ilan etmi\u015f olanlar i\u00e7in teknik bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131dan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi. Bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemsiz teknik ayr\u0131nt\u0131 da, 31 Kas\u0131m\u2019da Gazzeliler zalim sald\u0131r\u0131lardan umutsuzca korunacak bir yer ararken, Washington\u2019\u0131n kiralam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bir Alman ticaret gemisinin Yunanistan\u2019dan \u0130srail\u2019e 3.000 ton \u201cniteli\u011fi belirsiz\u201d m\u00fchimat sevk ediyor olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Reuters\u2019e g\u00f6re bu sevkiyat, \u201cABD\u2019nin Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u0130srail\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevkiyat i\u00e7in bir ticari gemi kiralamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu sevkiyatlar, Bush y\u00f6netiminin \u0130srail\u2019e sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc hibe bi\u00e7imindeki 21 milyon dolar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Silah ticaretini g\u00f6zlemleyen New America Vakf\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re, \u201c\u0130srail\u2019in Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019ndeki m\u00fcdahalesi, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD\u2019li vergi m\u00fckelleflerince \u00f6denen silahlarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir\u201d. Yeni nakliyat ise, \u201c\u0130srail ordusunun donat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle, Yunan limanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na izin vermeyen Yunan h\u00fck\u00fcmetince engellendi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

ABD destekli \u0130srail c\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n tepkisi, \u00e7o\u011fu Avrupa liderinin korkak\u00e7a tavr\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Bu fark, Washington\u2019\u0131n Yunanistan\u2019\u0131, ABD destekli fa\u015fist cunta 1974\u2019te y\u0131k\u0131lana de\u011fin Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n de\u011fil ama Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kabul etmesinin olduk\u00e7a ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i davranm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu ortaya koymakta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019e silah sevk\u0131yat\u0131n\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131n\u0131 tuhaf bulup biraz daha ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapanlara kar\u015f\u0131 Pentagon\u2019un verdi\u011fi yan\u0131t \u015fu: sevk\u0131yat\u0131n Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetlendirilmesine yeti\u015fmesi olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildi; her ne i\u00e7eriyorsa, sevk edilen askeri te\u00e7hizat daha sonra ABD ordusunca kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130srail\u2019e konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilmekteydi. \u0130srail\u2019in, patronu i\u00e7in g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ok say\u0131daki hizmetlerden biri de, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli enerji kaynaklar\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, ona \u00f6nemli askeri \u00fcsler tesis etmektir. B\u00f6ylece bunlar, ABD\u2019nin daha sonraki sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u2013 veya daha teknik bir deyi\u015fle \u201cK\u00f6rfez\u2019in korunmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cistikrar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131\u201d- i\u00e7in ileri \u00fcs olarak kullan\u0131labilecektir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail ordusuna yap\u0131lan bu b\u00fcy\u00fck desteklerin pek \u00e7ok yan amac\u0131 da var. Ortado\u011fu uzman\u0131 Moulin Rabbani\u2019ye g\u00f6re, \u0130srail savunmas\u0131z hede ere kar\u015f\u0131 yeni geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f silah sistemlerini deneyebilir. Bunun \u0130srail ve ABD i\u00e7in de\u011feri \u201ciki kat, zira ayn\u0131 silah sistemlerinin daha az etkili versiyonlar\u0131 sonradan Arap devletlerine m\u00fcthi\u015f \u015fi\u015firilmi\u015f yatlarla sat\u0131l\u0131yor, ve b\u00f6ylece bu devletler ABD silah sanayisinin masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f oluyorlar.\u201d Bunlar, ABD egemenli\u011findeki Ortado\u011fu sisteminde \u0130srail\u2019in \u00fcstlendi\u011fi ek g\u00f6revler; ayr\u0131ca, \u0130srail\u2019in ABD devlet yetkililerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir dizi y\u00fcksek teknoloji \u015firketi ve tabii askeri sanayi ve istihbarat taraf\u0131ndan el \u00fcst\u00fcnde tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n da nedenleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail bir tarafa, ABD a\u00e7\u0131k farkla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli silah \u00fcreticisi. New America Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n son raporuna g\u00f6re, \u201cABD silahlar\u0131 ve askeri e\u011fitimi, 2007\u2019de d\u00fcnyadaki yirmi yedi b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f\u0131n yirmisinde rol alm\u0131\u015f,\u201d bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 23 milyar dolar gelir elde etmi\u015f, bu mebla\u011f 2008\u2019de 32 milyar dolara \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok BM karar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Aral\u0131k 2008\u2019deki silah ticaretinin denetlenmesine y\u00f6nelik karar tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 da hi\u00e7 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil. 2006\u2019da ABD tasar\u0131ya tek ba\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, 2008\u2019de ise bir orta\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131: Zimbabve. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

BM\u2019nin Aral\u0131k oturumunda, ak\u0131lda kalan ba\u015fka oylamalar da vard\u0131. \u201cFilistin halk\u0131n\u0131n kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131\u201d 5\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 (ABD, \u0130srail ve Pasi k Adalar\u0131 grubu, ABD ve \u0130srail ka\u00e7amak bahanelerle) 173 oyla kabul edildi. Bu oylama, ABD ve \u0130srail\u2019in, uluslararas\u0131 planda tek ba\u015flar\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u201creddiyeci\u201d politikaya uygun. Benzer bir karar da \u201cevrensel seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ailelerin yeniden birle\u015ftirmesi\u201d \u00fczerineydi; bu karar da, herhalde Filistinlileri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek ret oyu veren ABD, \u0130srail ve Pasifik Adalar\u2019\u0131n muhalefetine kar\u015f\u0131 kabul edildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geli\u015fme hakk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 oy kullan\u0131rken ABD \u0130srail\u2019i kaybetti, ama Ukrayna\u2019y\u0131 kazand\u0131. \u201cBeslenme hakk\u0131\u201dna kar\u015f\u0131 oy kullan\u0131rken ise ABD yaln\u0131zd\u0131; bat\u0131 ekonomilerini tehdit eden mali krizden \u00e7ok daha ciddi bir sorun olan devasa d\u00fcnya g\u0131da krizi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek oldu bu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oylama kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131n ve d\u00fczen yanl\u0131s\u0131 ayd\u0131nlarca \u0131srarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde rapor edilmeyi\u015finin ve bellek kuyusuna g\u00f6m\u00fclmesinin bir dolu nedeni var. Bu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmi\u015f temsilcileri hakk\u0131nda neleri ima etti\u011fini kamuoyuna duyurmak pek zekice olmazd\u0131 herhalde. Filistin konusundaki son oylamaya ili\u015fkin olarak da, kamuoyunun ABD- \u0130srail ikisinin, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya taraf\u0131ndan uzun bir s\u00fcreden beri savunulan bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerisini engelleyen, hatta Filistinlilerin soyut kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 reddetmeye kadar varan reddiyeci tavr\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmesi pek i\u015fe yaramazd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazze\u2019deki kahraman g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerden biri olan Norve\u00e7li doktor Mads Gilbert, deh\u015fet manzaras\u0131n\u0131, \u201cGazze\u2019deki sivil halka kar\u015f\u0131 topyek\u00fbn sava\u015f\u201d olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Kay\u0131plar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tahminen kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu belirtiyor. Erkeklerin de hemen hepsi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f standartlara g\u00f6re sivildi. Gilbert, y\u00fczlerce cesedin aras\u0131nda askerlere g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ethan Bronner, \u0130srail-ABD i\u015fgalinin \u201cba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerken\u201d, \u201cHamas\u2019\u0131n uzaktan sava\u015fmay\u0131, ya da hi\u00e7 sava\u015fmamay\u0131\u201d benimsedi\u011fini bildiriyor. Bu nedenle Hamas\u2019\u0131n insan g\u00fcc\u00fc zarar g\u00f6rmemi\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7ekenler ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla siviller olmu\u015ftu: yayg\u0131n bir bi\u00e7imde benimsenen doktrine g\u00f6re olumlu bir sonu\u00e7. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu raporlar, BM insani yard\u0131m \u015fe John Holmes taraf\u0131ndan da do\u011frulan\u0131yor; Holmes\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u201c\u015fiddet s\u00fcrd\u00fck\u00e7e g\u00fcn be g\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan\u201d insani bir kriz s\u00f6z konusu ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen sivillerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kad\u0131nlardan ve \u00e7ocuklardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu \u201cdo\u011fru bir tahmin\u201d. Ama biz, g\u00fcncel se\u00e7im kampanyalar\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f yanl\u0131s\u0131 tav\u0131r alan ve Gazze\u2019de hi\u00e7bir insanl\u0131k trajedisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olan \u0130srail D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Tzipi Livni\u2019nin s\u00f6zleriyle rahatlayabiliriz. \u0130srail\u2019in bu c\u00f6mertli\u011fine te\u015fekk\u00fcrler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n ak\u0131betini \u00f6nemseyen di\u011ferleri gibi Gilbert ve Holmes de ate\u015fkes \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyorlard\u0131. Ama hen\u00fcz zaman\u0131 de\u011fildi bunun. New York Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n sat\u0131r aras\u0131nda de\u011findi\u011fi gibi, \u201cABD, BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin Cumartesi ak\u015fam\u0131 acil ate\u015fkes \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledi\u201d. Bunun resmi nedenine g\u00f6re, \u201cHamas\u2019\u0131n bu ate\u015fkese ba\u011fl\u0131 kalaca\u011f\u0131na dair hi\u00e7bir belirti yok\u201dtu. Katliamdan keyif duyman\u0131n mazur g\u00f6sterilmesi y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131nda, bu herhalde en baya\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7eler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rd\u0131. Tabii bu, Bush ve Rice d\u00f6nemine ili\u015fkindi; k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra onlar\u0131n yerini Obama alacak ve merhamet dolu bir edayla, \u201croketler yataklar\u0131nda uyuyan k\u0131zlar\u0131m\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fecek olsayd\u0131, bunu durdurabilmek i\u00e7in her \u015feyi yapard\u0131m,\u201d diye tekrar edecekti. Elbette \u0130srailli \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kastediyor, Gazze\u2019de ABD silahlar\u0131nca parampar\u00e7a edilmi\u015f y\u00fczlerce \u00e7ocu\u011fu de\u011fil. Bunun \u00f6tesinde, Obama da sessizli\u011fini korudu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra, yo\u011fun uluslararas\u0131 bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda ABD, BM\u2019nin bir \u201ckal\u0131c\u0131 ate\u015fkes\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 destekledi. Karar s\u0131f\u0131ra kar\u015f\u0131 14 oyla kabul edildi, ABD \u00e7ekimser kald\u0131. ABD\u2019nin her zamankinin aksine bu karar\u0131 veto etmemesi \u0130srailli ve ABD\u2019li \u015fahinleri \u00f6fkelendirdi. Ama gene de \u00e7ekimser oy, \u0130srail\u2019e \u015fiddetini artt\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k yakmasa da,sar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu ve nitekim \u0130srail, \u00f6nceden tespit etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yeminine kadar \u00f6yle de yapt\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ate\u015fkes 18 Ocak\u2019ta (teorik olarak) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011finde, Filistin \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Merkezi sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcn bilan\u00e7osunu yay\u0131nlad\u0131: 17\u2019si \u00e7ocuk olmak \u00fczere, 43\u2019\u00fc silahs\u0131z sivil, toplam 54 Filistinli \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve \u0130SK sivil konutlar\u0131 ve BM okullar\u0131n\u0131 bombalamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. B\u00f6ylece toplam \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, 281\u2019i \u00e7ocuk olmak \u00fczere, 844\u2019\u00fc sivil, 1,184 ki\u015fiye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyordu. \u0130SK, Gazze \u015eeridi boyunca yang\u0131n bombalar\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 ve konutlar\u0131 ve tar\u0131m arazilerini bombalayarak insanlar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye zorlamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Birka\u00e7 saat sonra Reuters \u00f6l\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1,300 olarak duyurdu. \u00d6l\u00fc ve yaral\u0131lar ile yol a\u00e7\u0131lan tahribat g\u00f6zlemleri de yapan Al Mezan Merkezi yetkilileri, kesintisiz bombard\u0131man nedeniyle o g\u00fcne de\u011fin ula\u015f\u0131lamayan yerleri ziyaret etmi\u015fler, tahrip edilen ya da \u0130srail buldozerlerince y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmekte olan cesetlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Mahalleler yok olmu\u015ftu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm bu \u00f6l\u00fc ya da yaral\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz iyimser tahminler. Ve bu gaddarl\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin bir soru\u015fturma a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 da pek olanak dahilinde de\u011fil. Resmi d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n su\u00e7lar\u0131 titiz bir bi\u00e7imde soru\u015fturulur, bizim i\u015fledi\u011fimiz su\u00e7lar ise sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilir. Ac\u0131mas\u0131zl\u0131k hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 bir sorgu sual olma ihtimali de yoktur. Burada da genel uygulama budur ve efendilerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir durumdur bu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi karar\u0131, Gazze\u2019ye silah ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na son verilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyordu. ABD ve \u0130srail (Rice-Livni), bu amaca ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler konusunda hemen anla\u015fmaya var\u0131p dikkatlerini \u0130ran silahlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130srail\u2019e ABD silahlar\u0131n\u0131n sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye ise gerek yok, zira bu durumda s\u00f6z konusu olan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil: \u0130srail\u2019e devasa silah ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 herkes\u00e7e biliniyor, Gazze katliam\u0131 s\u00fcrerken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen silah sevk\u0131yat\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi bas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kmasa bile bu bilinen bir ger\u00e7ek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kararda, \u201cFilistin Y\u00f6netimi ile \u0130srail aras\u0131nda 2005\u2019te imzalanan Hareket ve Eri\u015fim Antla\u015fmas\u0131 temelinde ge\u00e7i\u015f noktalar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuluyor. Bu Antla\u015fma, Gazze\u2019ye ge\u00e7i\u015flerin s\u00fcrekli bir temelde i\u015fletilmesini ve \u0130srail\u2019in Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ile Gazze aras\u0131nda insan ve malzeme ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin vermesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rice-Livni anla\u015fmas\u0131 ise, G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi Karar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bu yan\u0131na hi\u00e7 de\u011finmiyor. ABD ve \u0130srail asl\u0131nda, Filistinlileri 2006 serbest se\u00e7imlerinde yanl\u0131\u015f oy kulland\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in cezaland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla, 2005 Antla\u015fmas\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mi\u015f durumdalar. Rice-Livni anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fczenlenen bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Rice, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki \u00f6zg\u00fcr se\u00e7imlerden birinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmeye y\u00f6nelik olarak s\u00fcren \u00e7abalar\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha \u00e7izdi: \u201cGazze\u2019yi Hamas egemenli\u011finin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p Filistin Ulusal Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin g\u00fczel \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yabilmek i\u00e7in daha yap\u0131labilecek \u00e7ok \u015fey var,\u201d dedi \u2013 tabii sad\u0131k bir m\u00fc\u015fteri, yolsuzluklarla \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve bask\u0131c\u0131, ama itaatk\u00e2r bir y\u00f6netim olarak kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arap \u00fclkelerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ziyaretten d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde Fawwaz Gerges, di\u011ferlerinin olay yerinden bildirdiklerini kesin bir dille onaylad\u0131. Gazze\u2019deki ABD-\u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkisi, toplumlar\u0131 \u00f6fkelendirmi\u015f ve sald\u0131rgan ile i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerine y\u00f6nelik nefretin m\u00fcthi\u015f derecede artmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftu. \u201c\u015eu kadar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyeyim ki, \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 Arap \u00fclkeleri [yani emirlerini Washington\u2019dan alanlar] savunma durumunda ve yegane kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan \u0130ran ve Suriye taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirilen cephe. Bir kez daha \u0130srail ve Bush y\u00f6netimi \u0130ran y\u00f6netimine tatl\u0131 bir zafer kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu.\u201d Dahas\u0131, \u201cHamas b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla eskisinden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir politik ak\u0131m haline gelecek ve [Rice\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6zdeleri] Filistin Ulusal Y\u00f6netimi ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mahmud Abbas\u2019\u0131n ayg\u0131t\u0131 El Fetih\u2019in \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, Gazze\u2019de ya\u015fananlar\u0131 yerinden canl\u0131 ileten yegane TV kanal\u0131 olan, ve London Financial Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n deyi\u015fiyle \u201ckaos ve tahribat\u0131n serinkanl\u0131 ve dengeli analizini\u201d yaparak \u201cd\u00fcnya kanallar\u0131na \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir alternatif sunan\u201d El Cezire\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok korunakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131lda tutmakta yarar var. Bizim kendi kendini sans\u00fcr etme huyumuzdan yoksun olan 105 \u00fclkede, insanlar saat ba\u015f\u0131 olan bitenleri izleyebilmekteler, ve s\u00f6ylenenlere g\u00f6re bunun etkisi olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck. New York Times<\/em>\u2019a g\u00f6re ABD\u2019de \u201cyay\u0131n kesimi… ku\u015fkusuz El Cezire\u2019nin Irak sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Amerikan i\u015fgaline ili\u015fkin olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yay\u0131nlar nedeniyle ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sert ele\u015ftiriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131\u201d. Cheney ve Rums eld kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da elbette ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z medya sadece itaat edebilirdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sald\u0131rganlar\u0131n ne elde etmeyi ummu\u015f olduklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok say\u0131da ciddi tart\u0131\u015fma var. Saptanm\u0131\u015f baz\u0131 hede erden yayg\u0131n olarak s\u00f6z ediliyor; bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda, \u0130srail\u2019in 2006\u2019da L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki hatalar\u0131 nedeniyle yitirdi\u011fi \u201ccayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yetisini\u201d yeniden kazanmas\u0131 da var \u2013 yani, potansiyel herhangi bir muhali \u015fiddet yoluyla boyun e\u011fdirme kapasitesini. Ama, genellikle g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilen daha temel hede er bulunmakta; son d\u00f6nem tarihine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda olduk\u00e7a a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen hedefler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail, Eyl\u00fcl 2005\u2019te Gazze\u2019den \u00e7ekildi. Yerle\u015fimciler (kolonlar \u2013 \u00e7.n.) hareketinin koruyucu azizi Ariel Sharon benzeri \u0130srailli mant\u0131kl\u0131 \u015fahinler, Gazze\u2019nin y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerine yerle\u015fmi\u015f, \u0130SK taraf\u0131ndan korunan, hem de topraklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve ender kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanan bir avu\u00e7 illegal \u0130srailli yerle\u015fimciye s\u00fcrekli para yard\u0131m\u0131 yapman\u0131n \u00e7ok mant\u0131kl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131lar. Gazze\u2019yi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck hapishanesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek ve yerle\u015fimcileri \u00e7ok daha de\u011ferli topraklara sahip, \u0130srail\u2019in ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n lafzen ve ilen \u00e7ok daha net oldu\u011fu Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019ya nakletmek daha mant\u0131kl\u0131yd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir ama\u00e7 da, Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Divan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yersiz bir bi\u00e7imde yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 ilan etti\u011fi tecrit duvar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 kesiminde kalan tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli topraklar\u0131, su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve Kud\u00fcs ile Tel Aviv\u2019in ho\u015f semtlerini ilhak etmekti. Bu, iyiden iyiye geni\u015flemi\u015f Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc kapsamakta; G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin 40 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ihlali, ama tabii gene yersiz bir karar s\u00f6z konusu. \u0130srail, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te birini olu\u015fturan \u00dcrd\u00fcn Vadisi\u2019ni de ilhak etmekteydi. B\u00f6ylece geriye hapsedilmi\u015f ve dahas\u0131, b\u00f6lgeyi \u00fc\u00e7e b\u00f6len Yahudi yerle\u015fim yeri uzant\u0131lar\u0131yla birbirinden kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f arazi par\u00e7alar\u0131 kalmakta: biri Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn do\u011fusundan, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019n\u0131n Clinton d\u00f6nemindeki par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f olan Ma\u2019aleh Adumim\u2019e kadar uzanan b\u00f6l\u00fcm; ve kuzeyde, Ariel ve Kedumim kasabalar\u0131na do\u011fru uzanan iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm. Filistinlilere kalanlar da, key bi\u00e7imde kurulmu\u015f y\u00fczlerce kontrol noktas\u0131yla (checkpoint<\/em>) birbirinden kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontrol noktalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00fcvenli\u011fiyle bir alakas\u0131 yok ve e\u011fer bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda yerle\u015fimcileri korumak i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f olanlar\u0131 varsa, bunlar da Adalet Divan\u0131 karar\u0131 gere\u011fince yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekte bunlar\u0131n as\u0131l amac\u0131 Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131 taciz etmek ve \u0130srailli bar\u0131\u015f aktivistinin \u201ckontrol matriksi\u201d dedi\u011fi \u015feyi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek; yani, evlerinde ve topraklar\u0131nda kalmak istiyorlarsa \u201c\u015fi\u015fenin i\u00e7inde dolan\u0131p duran uyu\u015fturulmu\u015f hamam b\u00f6ceklerine\u201d (Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Raful Eitan \u2013 \u00e7.n.) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek olan \u201ciki ayakl\u0131 yarat\u0131klara\u201d (Menahim Begin \u2013 \u00e7.n) ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez hale getirmek i\u00e7in tasar\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir proje. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar hakl\u0131 uygulamalard\u0131r, zira onlar \u201cbizle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00e7ekirgeye benzerler\u201d, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da \u201ckafalar\u0131 kayalara ve duvarlara \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131p ezilebilir\u201d (Yitzhak Shamir \u2013\u00e7.n.). Bu terminoloji en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeydeki \u0130srailli politik ve askeri yetkililere, yani en sayg\u0131n \u201cprenslere\u201d ait. Ve tutumlar politikay\u0131 belirler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politikac\u0131lar\u0131n ya da \u00fcst d\u00fczey askerlerin sa\u00e7mal\u0131klar\u0131, haham otoritelerinin vaazlar\u0131nkine oranla daha zarars\u0131z. Hahamlar marjinal ki\u015filikler de\u011filler. Tam tersine, ordu ve yerle\u015fimciler hareketi \u00fczerinde hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkiye sahipler; Eldar ve Zertal gibi \u201ctopraklar\u0131n efendileri\u201dnin ise politikadaki etkileri b\u00fcy\u00fck. Kuzey Gazze\u2019de sava\u015fan askerler iki ba\u015f haham taraf\u0131ndan ziyaret edildiler; hahamlar bu \u201cilham verici\u201d ziyaretlerinde askerler, Tanr\u0131\u2019dan \u0130srail\u2019deki zalimlerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 alarak onlar\u0131 kayalara \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131 dileyen \u00fcnl\u00fc Mezmurlar kitab\u0131ndan b\u00f6l\u00fcmler okuyarak, Gazze\u2019de herhangi bir \u201cmasum\u201dun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla herkesin me\u015fru bir hedef olu\u015fturdu\u011funu vaaz ettiler. Hahamlar yeni bir \u015fey yapm\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce eski Sefarad Hahamba\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015fbakan Olmert\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Jarulsalem Post<\/em>\u2019ta yay\u0131nlanan mektubunda, roket sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle Gazze\u2019deki b\u00fct\u00fcn sivillerin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funu, bu y\u00fczden \u201cGazze\u2019ye roket sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak amac\u0131yla d\u00fczenlenecek olas\u0131 bir geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 askeri harekat s\u0131ras\u0131nda, sivillerin ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetmeksizin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda herhangi bir ahlaki yasa\u011f\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d bildirmi\u015fti. Onun bug\u00fcn Sefarad Hahamba\u015f\u0131 olan o\u011flu, babas\u0131n\u0131n vaaz\u0131n\u0131 daha da ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131rm\u0131\u015f durumda: \u201cY\u00fcz tanesini \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra hala durmazlarsa bu kez bin tanesini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeliyiz, binden sonra gene durmazlarsa on binini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeliyiz. Hala durmazlarsa, y\u00fcz binini, hatta bir milyonunu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeliyiz. Ta ki onlar\u0131 durdurana kadar.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri dile getiren Amerikal\u0131 laik ki\u015filikler de var. \u0130srail 2006\u2019da L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti\u011finde, Harvard Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi profes\u00f6rlerinden Alan Dersowiyz, liberal e\u011filimli Huffington Post <\/em>gazetesine t\u00fcm L\u00fcbnanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130srail \u015fiddeti kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda me\u015fru hedef olu\u015fturdu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. L\u00fcbnan vatanda\u015flar\u0131 \u201cter\u00f6rizmi\u201d desteklemenin, yani \u0130srail i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 koyman\u0131n, \u201cfaturas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcyorlard\u0131\u201d. Buna g\u00f6re L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 siviller sald\u0131r\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Nazileri destekleyen Avusturyal\u0131lardan daha korunmal\u0131 de\u011fillerdi. Sefarad hahamba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n fetvas\u0131 onlar i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli. Jarulsalem Post<\/em>\u2019un web sitesindeki bir videoda, Filistinlilerin \u0130srailliler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla dalga ge\u00e7iyor: bu oran\u0131n 1,000\u2019e bire, hatta 1,00\u2019e s\u0131f\u0131ra y\u00fckselmesi gerekir diyor, yani yarat\u0131klar\u0131n tamamen yok edilmesini \u00f6neriyor. Elbette \u201cter\u00f6ristleri\u201d kastediyor, ama tabii ona g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130srail asla sivilleri hedef almad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan\u201d, ter\u00f6rist kavram\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren geni\u015f bir kategoriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Buna g\u00f6re, Filistinliler, L\u00fcbnanl\u0131lar, Tunuslular, art\u0131k Kutsal Devlet\u2019in ac\u0131mas\u0131z ordusu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na kim \u00e7\u0131karsa hepsi ter\u00f6risttir, ya da onun adil su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kaza kurban\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu uygulamalar\u0131n tarihsel benzerlerini bulmak hi\u00e7 de kolay de\u011fil. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n egemen entelekt\u00fcel ve ahlaki k\u00fclt\u00fcre tamamen uygun oldu\u011funu kabul etmekte, belki de yarar vard\u0131r \u2013 tabii \u201cbizim taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan\u201d dile getirilirse; aksi takdirde, resmi d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak bu tip s\u00f6zler hakl\u0131 bir \u00f6fkelenmeye neden olur ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kitlesel \u00f6nleyici \u015fiddeti davet eder. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBizim taraf\u201d\u0131n asla sivilleri hedef almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131, \u015fiddetin ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tekelinde bulunduranlar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n bir doktrindir. Ve bunda bir miktar ger\u00e7ek pay\u0131 da var. Biz genellikle tek tek sivilleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyiz. Bunun yerine pek \u00e7ok sivili birden katledecek canice eylemler d\u00fczenleriz, ama tabii, tek tek sivilleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrme kast\u0131yla de\u011fil. Hukukta, s\u0131radan g\u00fcndelik uygulamalar so\u011fukkanl\u0131 sap\u0131kl\u0131k kategorisine girebilir, ama bu emperyal uygulama ve doktrin i\u00e7in uygun bir tan\u0131m olmaz. Bu daha \u00e7ok, yolda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken kar\u0131ncalar\u0131 ezebilece\u011fimizi bilmemize benzer, ama tabii amac\u0131m\u0131z bu de\u011fildir, zira kar\u0131ncalar o kadar alt d\u00fczeydendir ki bu umurumuzda bile de\u011fildir. \u0130srail, \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirdi\u011fi\u201d topraklar\u0131 kirleten \u201chamam b\u00f6cekleri\u201d ve \u201ciki ayakl\u0131 yarat\u0131klara\u201d kar\u015f\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011finde de durum ayn\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Kasten cinayetten daha da a\u011f\u0131r olan bu ahlaki sap\u0131kl\u0131k bi\u00e7imini tan\u0131mlayabilecek bir terim bulunmuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski Filistin\u2019de me\u015fru sahipler (\u201ctopraklar\u0131n efendileri\u201dne g\u00f6re, ilahi emir uyar\u0131nca) uyu\u015fturulmu\u015f hamam b\u00f6ceklerine birka\u00e7 parsel toprak par\u00e7as\u0131 verebilirlerdi. Ama bu bir hak de\u011fildi: Ba\u015fbakan Olmert, May\u0131s 2006\u2019da ABD Kongresi\u2019nin ortak oturumunda alk\u0131\u015flar aras\u0131nda, \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn bu topraklar\u0131n, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ebedi ve tarihi hakk\u0131 oldu\u011funa inand\u0131m ve inanmaya devam ediyorum,\u201d diyordu. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da de\u011ferli ne varsa al\u0131p Filistinlileri birbirinden tecrit edilmi\u015f kantonlarda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeye terk edici \u201cyak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma\u201d program\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yordu. \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn bu topraklar\u201d\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmemi\u015fti, ama biz Siyonist projenin asla iyiliklere neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz: s\u00fcrekli yay\u0131lma onun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir i\u00e7 dinami\u011fi olagelmi\u015ftir. E\u011fer Olmert Likud\u2019daki k\u00f6klerine hala sad\u0131ksa, \u00dcrd\u00fcn nehrinin her iki taraf\u0131n\u0131, hatta bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00dcrd\u00fcn devletini, en az\u0131ndan onun de\u011ferli kesimlerini kastediyor olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn bu topraklar\u0131n halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ebedi ve tarihi hakk\u0131 olmas\u0131\u201d, onun \u00fczerindeki ge\u00e7ici meskunlar\u0131n, yani Filistinlilerin kendi kaderlerini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle d\u0131\u015flamakta. Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi, bu sonuncular\u0131n orada bulunma ko\u015fullar\u0131 Aral\u0131k 2008\u2019de Washington\u2019da \u0130srail ve patronu taraf\u0131ndan, her zamanki yaln\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ve sa\u011f\u0131r edici sessizlikleri i\u00e7inde, bir kez daha belirtilmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olmert\u2019in 2006\u2019da \u00e7izdi\u011fi planlar daha sonra terk edildi, zira yeterince a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildi. Ama yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma program\u0131n\u0131n yerini alan proje ve onu uygulamak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen g\u00fcndelik faaliyetler, ayn\u0131 genel anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde. \u0130\u015fgalin ilk g\u00fcnlerine kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bu anlay\u0131\u015f; o d\u00f6nemde Savunma Bakan\u0131 Mo\u015fe Dayan, durumu \u015fairane bi\u00e7imde \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201cBug\u00fcn durum, bedevi ile onun zorla ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131z aras\u0131ndaki karma\u015f\u0131k ili\u015fkiye benziyor… Siz Filistinliler, ulus olarak bug\u00fcn bizi istemiyorsunuz, ama biz varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n zoruyla tavr\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fiz.\u201d Bizler istedi\u011fimizi elde ederken sizler \u201ck\u00f6pekler gibi ya\u015fayacaks\u0131n\u0131z, gitmek isteyen de \u00e7ekip gidecek\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu pogramlar hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz su\u00e7tur. 1967 sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan \u0130srail\u2019deki en \u00fcst d\u00fczey hukuk yetkilisi Teodor Meron, h\u00fck\u00fcmete, \u201cY\u00f6netim alt\u0131ndaki sivil yerle\u015fim yerlerinin D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Cenevre Konvansiyonu kararlar\u0131n\u0131 [yani uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 hukukunun temellerini] \u00e7i\u011fnemekte\u201d oldu\u011funu duyurdu. \u0130srail Adalet Bakan\u0131 da ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fteydi. Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Divan\u0131 2004\u2019te Konvansiyon kararlar\u0131n\u0131 oybirli\u011fiyle onaylad\u0131, \u0130srail Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi de teknik olarak ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fteydi, ama tabii her zamanki gibi uygulamada farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail, ABD deste\u011fiyle s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z bi\u00e7imde Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da, etkin askeri denetimi ve ABD ile m\u00fcttefik diktat\u00f6rl\u00fcklerce e\u011fitilip silahland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i Filistin g\u00fcvenlik kuvvetlerinin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla, canice program\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya devam edebilir. D\u00fczenli olarak cinayetler ve ba\u015fka su\u00e7lar i\u015flemeyi, bu arada \u0130SK korumas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki yerle\u015fimcilerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc barbarca ta\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7anak tutmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir. Ama Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019ya \u015fiddet yoluyla boyun e\u011fdirilirken, Filistin\u2019in di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131nda, Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019nde hala direni\u015f vard\u0131. ABD-\u0130srail ilhak ve y\u0131k\u0131m planlar\u0131n\u0131n rahat\u00e7a y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in oras\u0131 da ezilmek zorundayd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6ylece Gazze\u2019nin i\u015fgali ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fgalin zamanlamas\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle yakla\u015fan \u0130srail se\u00e7imleriyle de ilgiliydi. Anketlerde bir hayli geride kalm\u0131\u015f olan Ehud Barak, \u0130srailli yorumcu Ran HaCohen\u2019in hesab\u0131na g\u00f6re, katliam\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnlerinde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen her 40 Arap i\u00e7in bir milletvekilli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ama bu durum de\u011fi\u015febilir. \u0130\u015flenen cinayetler, dikkatle planlanm\u0131\u015f \u0130srail propaganda kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesine ta\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, en inan\u00e7l\u0131 \u0130srailli \u015fahinlerin bile ifadesine g\u00f6re, uygulanan kasapl\u0131k \u201c[\u0130srail\u2019in] ruhunu ve imaj\u0131n\u0131 zedelemekte. Televizyon ekranlar\u0131nda, uluslararas\u0131 toplulu\u011fun oturma odalar\u0131nda ve daha \u00f6nemlisi, Obama\u2019n\u0131n Amerikas\u0131\u2019nda zedelemekte\u201d (Ari \u015eavit). \u015eavit\u2019i \u00f6zellikle kayg\u0131land\u0131ran, \u201cbir Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler tesisinin bombalanmas\u0131… hem de BM genel sekreterinin Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc ziyaret etti\u011fi g\u00fcn\u201d. \u201c\u00c7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6tesinde\u201d bir eylem olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor bunu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir iki ayr\u0131nt\u0131 daha ekleyelim; Gazze kentindeki bu BM \u201ctesisi\u201d, UNRWA (Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki Filistinli m\u00fclteciler i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015f olan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Yard\u0131m ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ajans\u0131 \u2013 \u00e7.n.) deposuydu. Ajans direkt\u00f6r\u00fc John Ging, bombalama sonucunda, \u201cbug\u00fcn s\u0131\u011f\u0131naklara, hastahanelere ve g\u0131da da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezlerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f binlerce ton acil g\u0131da maddesi ve ilac\u0131n tahrip oldu\u011funu\u201d bildiriyordu. Askeri sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonucunda el-Kuds hastanesinin iki kat\u0131 ile Filistin K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131\u2019nca y\u00f6netilen bir di\u011fer depo daha tahrip edildi. Yo\u011fun n\u00fcfuslu Tal-Hawa mahallesindeki hastane ise, Associated Press ajans\u0131n\u0131n bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u201c\u0130srail kara kuvvetlerinin mahalleye girmesi \u00fczerine, pani\u011fe kap\u0131lan y\u00fczlerce Gazzelinin ka\u00e7\u0131p buraya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fczerine\u201d \u0130srail tanklar\u0131nca tahrip edilmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hastanede duman t\u00fcten enkazdan geriye kurtar\u0131lacak hi\u00e7bir \u015fey kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hekimlerden Ahmed el-Haz, Associated Press\u2019e olanlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yordu: \u201cBinalar\u0131 bombalad\u0131lar, hastane binalar\u0131n\u0131. Yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Biz i\u00e7erideki hastalar\u0131 ve yaral\u0131lar\u0131 tahliye etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. \u0130tfaiye geldi ve yang\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc, ama her yer yeniden alev ald\u0131, itfaiye tekrar gelip s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc, bu b\u00f6yle \u00fc\u00e7 kez tekrarland\u0131.\u201d Binan\u0131n birka\u00e7 kez kendili\u011finden yeniden alev almas\u0131n\u0131n beyaz fosfor kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor, di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok yang\u0131na ve insanlardaki yan\u0131klara da bu maddenin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu tahminleri, yo\u011fun bombard\u0131man durduktan sonra yerinde inceleme yapma olana\u011f\u0131 bulan Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (UA\u00d6) do\u011frulad\u0131. Daha \u00f6ncesinde \u0130srail, cinayetlerini en yo\u011fun olarak i\u015fledi\u011fi s\u0131rada, \u0130srailliler de dahil olmak \u00fczere gazetecilerin b\u00f6lgeye girmesini yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. UA\u00d6 raporuna g\u00f6re, \u0130srail\u2019in beyaz fosfor kullanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201ca\u00e7\u0131k ve inkar edilemez\u201d idi. H\u00e2l\u00e2 yanmakta olan, konut y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f beyaz fosfor par\u00e7alar\u0131na rastlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131; bu par\u00e7alar \u201cb\u00f6lge sakinlerinin, \u00f6zellikle de sava\u015ftan arta kalan molozlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda dola\u015fan ve tehlikeden habersiz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmeye devam ediyor\u201ddu. \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, ilk hede er, \u0130srail\u2019in \u201cbeyaz fosforu yak\u0131t tanklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine ni\u015fanlayarak binlerce tonluk insani yard\u0131m\u0131n tahrip olmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanan bir yang\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d UNRWA depolar\u0131yd\u0131; daha sonra \u0130srailli yetkililer, \u201cdepolara bu tip ba\u015fka bir sald\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131na dair garanti verdiler\u201d. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn \u201cGaza kentindeki el-Kuds hastanesi beyaz fosfor bombas\u0131yla bombaland\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131n hastane personelini hastalar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mak zorunda b\u0131rakt\u0131… Beyaz fosfor ciltle temas etti\u011finde t\u00fcm kaslara n\u00fcfuz etmekte ve oksijenle temas kesilmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece yanmaya devam etmekte.\u201d \u0130ster bilerek ister zalimce bir vurdumduymazl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsun, bu tip silahlar\u0131n sivillere y\u00f6nelik kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde b\u00f6ylesi cinayetleri ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz hale gelir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte \u0130srail\u2019in jus in bello <\/em>ihlalleri, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 vah\u015fice uygulamalar\u0131 engelleyen yasa ihlalleri \u00fczerinde fazlaca durmak yanl\u0131\u015f olur. Bizzat i\u015fgalin kendisi \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r bir su\u00e7. \u0130srail neden oldu\u011fu y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ok ve yaylarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 bile, gene ahlaks\u0131zca bir su\u00e7 i\u015flemi\u015f olurdu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n her zaman bir k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131 vard\u0131r: Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndaki k\u0131l\u0131f da, Barak\u2019\u0131n deyi\u015fiyle, Hamas roketleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019in sabr\u0131n\u0131n \u201ct\u00fckenmi\u015f\u201d oldu\u011fu. B\u0131k\u0131p usanmadan tekrarlanan terane, \u0130srail\u2019in kendini savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu. Bu, k\u0131smen savunulabilir bir tez. Roket sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 bir su\u00e7tur ve bir devletin bu tip su\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 kendini savunma hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu do\u011frudur. Ama bu, kendisini mutlaka g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanarak savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. B\u00f6yle bir anlay\u0131\u015f, kabul edebilece\u011fimiz ya da etmemiz gereken herhangi bir ilkenin \u00e7ok \u00f6tesindedir. Partizan ter\u00f6rizmi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Nazi Almanyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kendisini savunmak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmaya herhangi bir hakk\u0131 yoktu. Her \u015fey Grynszpan\u2019\u0131n Paris\u2019teki bir Alman b\u00fcy\u00fck el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6revlisini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi, Kristal Gece\u2019yi (9 Kas\u0131m 1938 gecesi Alman Nazileri\u2019nce Yahudi ev, i\u015fyerleri ve sinagoglar\u0131na yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kanl\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar – \u00e7.n.) hakl\u0131 g\u00f6steremez. Amerikan kolonilerinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 ter\u00f6r eylemleri, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin kendini korumak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zoru hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaz, ne de IRA ter\u00f6r\u00fcne cevaben \u0130rlanda Katoliklerinin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fc \u2013bu kesimler sonunda taleplerini yasal yollarla savunma \u00e7izgisinde mant\u0131kl\u0131 politikaya y\u00f6neldiklerinde ter\u00f6r sona ermi\u015ftir. Bur bir \u201corant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k\u201d sorunu de\u011fil, ilk giri\u015fimin yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda se\u00e7im sorunudur: \u015eiddet uygulaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir se\u00e7enek var m\u0131? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eiddete ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 kan\u0131t zorunlulu\u011funu da getirir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, \u0130srail\u2019in 40 y\u0131ldan beri h\u00e2l\u00e2 Gazze\u2019de ve Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da uygulamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcndelik \u015fiddete kar\u015f\u0131 direni\u015fi yok etme giri\u015fiminde de bunun sorgulamam\u0131z gerekir. Bunun i\u00e7in, Olmert\u2019in Bat\u0131 \u015eeria i\u00e7in sundu\u011fu \u201cbirle\u015ftirme plan\u0131\u201d ile ilgili \u0130srail bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n benimle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir r\u00f6portajdan al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131labilirim: \u201cABD ve \u0130srail bu planlara y\u00f6nelik hi\u00e7bir direni\u015fe izin vermez; \u00e7ok eskiden beri uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 programlar\u0131nda ilerledik\u00e7e \u201cherhangi bir ortak\u201d yokmu\u015f\u00e7as\u0131na davranmay\u0131 \u2013elbette yalandan – davranmay\u0131 ye\u011flerler. Gazze ve Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019y\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak kabul etti\u011fimiz hat\u0131rlanmal\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ABD-\u0130srail\u2019in ilhak ve kolonizasyon programlar\u0131na direni\u015f Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da me\u015fruysa, Gazze\u2019de de \u00f6yledir.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Filistin as\u0131ll\u0131 ABD\u2019li gazeteci Ali Abunimah, \u201cBat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019dan \u0130srail\u2019e roket at\u0131lm\u0131yor, ama ate\u015fkes s\u00fcresince \u0130srail\u2019in yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 cinayetleri, toprak gasplar\u0131, yerle\u015fimci pogromlar\u0131 ve adam ka\u00e7\u0131rmalar\u0131 bir g\u00fcn bile durmad\u0131. Bat\u0131 destekli Mahmud Abbas\u2019\u0131n Filistin Ulusal Y\u00f6netimi \u0130srail\u2019in t\u00fcm taleplerini kabul etti. ABD\u2019nin gururlu askeri g\u00f6zlemcilerine g\u00f6re Abbas, \u0130srail\u2019in yan\u0131nda, direni\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmak \u00fczere \u2018g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri\u2019 olu\u015fturdu. Bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki tek bir Filistinliyi bile \u0130srail\u2019in dur durak bilmeyen \u2013 ABD destekli \u2013 kolonile\u015ftirmesinden kurtaramad\u0131,\u201d diyor. Filistinli sayg\u0131n parlamenter Mustafa Berguti de, Bush\u2019un Kas\u0131m 2007\u2019deki bol bar\u0131\u015f ve adalet retorikli Annapolis tiyatrosundan sonra, \u0130srail\u2019in Filistinlilere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla \u015fiddetlendi\u011fini, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da y\u00fczde 50 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yeni yerle\u015fim yerlerinin ve denetim noktalar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyor. Ku\u015fkusuz bu canice giri\u015fimler Gazze\u2019den at\u0131lan roketlere bir yan\u0131t de\u011fil, hatta ger\u00e7ek bunun tam tersi olabilir, diyor Berguti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fgal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lara g\u00f6sterilen tepkinin canice ve politik a\u00e7\u0131dan yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, ama ba\u015fka bir se\u00e7enek b\u0131rakmayanlar\u0131n bu tip yarg\u0131larda bulunmaya ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan haklar\u0131 yoktur. Ayn\u0131 \u015fey \u0130srail\u2019in s\u00fcrmekte olan cinayetlerine s\u00f6zleriyle, eylemleriyle ya da suskunluklar\u0131yla do\u011frudan ortak olmay\u0131 se\u00e7en ABD\u2019liler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli. Bu, \u015fiddete dayal\u0131 olmayan se\u00e7eneklerin bulundu\u011fu bir ortamda daha da ge\u00e7erli hale geliyor, ne var ki bu se\u00e7enekler yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 yay\u0131lma programlar\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in kendini savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frudan kullanabilece\u011fi bir ara\u00e7 mevcut: i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki topraklardaki yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 eylemlerine son vermesi ve ABD ile birlikte 30 y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcredir engelledi\u011fi (ABD\u2019nin 1976\u2019daki G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi politik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm karar\u0131n\u0131 veto etmesinden beri) iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm do\u011frultusundaki uluslararas\u0131 mutabakat\u0131 kabul etmesi. Bu utan\u00e7 verici tarihe tekrar d\u00f6nmeyece\u011fim, ama ABD-\u0130srail bu red politikas\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn \u00e7ok daha k\u00fcstah\u00e7a s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekteler. Arap Birli\u011fi mutabakat\u0131n da \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek, \u0130srail\u2019le ili\u015fkilerin tamamen normalle\u015ftirilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Hamas bir\u00e7ok kez uluslararas\u0131 mutabakat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm iste\u011fini dile getirmi\u015ftir. \u0130ran ve Hizbullah, Filistin parlamentosu ne karar verirse onu destekleyeceklerini duyurmu\u015flard\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar ABD-\u0130srail ikilisini \u015fahane bir yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa itmi\u015ftir, ve yaln\u0131zca s\u00f6zel d\u00fczeyde de\u011fil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar da var. Filistin Ulusal Konseyi, uluslararas\u0131 mutabakat\u0131, 1988\u2019de resmen kabul etti. \u015eamir-Perez h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin buna ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 James Baker destekli yan\u0131t\u0131, \u0130srail ile \u00dcrd\u00fcn aras\u0131nda \u201cfazladan bir Filistin devletinin\u201d olamayaca\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde oldu \u2013 ABD-\u0130srail kabul\u00fcne g\u00f6re \u00dcrd\u00fcn zaten bir Filistin devletiydi. Bunu izleyen Oslo anla\u015fmas\u0131, potansiyel Filistin ulusal haklar\u0131n\u0131 bir kenara itti ve bunlar\u0131n bir bi\u00e7imde hayata ge\u00e7mesi tehlikesi, Oslo y\u0131llar\u0131 boyunca \u0130srail\u2019in kesintisiz olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 geni\u015flemeyle sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde bertaraf edildi. Yeni yerle\u015fim yerlerinin kurulmas\u0131 2000\u2019de h\u0131zland\u0131 ve Ba\u015fkan Clinton ile Ba\u015fbakan Barak\u2019\u0131n iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131n son y\u0131l\u0131nda Camp David\u2019de d\u00fczenledikleri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler bu temelde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaser Arafat\u2019\u0131 Camp David g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini \u00e7\u0131kmaza sokmakla su\u00e7lad\u0131ktan sonra Clinton, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yaparak ABD-\u0130srail \u00f6nerilerinin Filistinlilerce kabul edilemeyecek denli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu kabul etti. Aral\u0131k 2000\u2019de, belirsiz ama daha umut verici \u201cparametrelerini\u201d sundu. Ard\u0131ndan, her iki taraf\u0131n da baz\u0131 \u00e7ekincelerle bu parametreleri kabul etti\u011fini duyurdu. \u0130ki taraf Ocak 2001\u2019de M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n Taba kentinde bulu\u015ftular ve nihai bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme \u00e7ok yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131, bir iki g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde buna ula\u015fabileceklerini ilan ettiler. Ama sonra Ehud Barak bir anda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri kesti. Taba\u2019daki bu bir hafta 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k ABD-\u0130srail reddiyecili\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki yegane f\u0131rsatt\u0131. Tarihteki bu yegane f\u0131rsat\u0131n tekrardan yarat\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir neden yok. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tercih edilen ve Ethan Bronner taraf\u0131ndan son s\u0131ralarda tekrar dile getirilen versiyon, \u201cYurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi Barak\u2019\u0131, 2000\u2019de Filistinlilere sunulan bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerilerinde en ileri gitmi\u015f olan ba\u015fbakan olarak an\u0131msayacakt\u0131r; ne var ki elde etti\u011fi yegane sonu\u00e7, kendisini iktidardan indiren \u015fiddetli Filistin ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n patlak vermesi sonucunda, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011framas\u0131 ve kesilmesi oldu,\u201d bi\u00e7imindedir. \u201cYurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi\u201dnin, Bronner\u2019\u0131n ve pek \u00e7ok meslekta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u201cgazetecilik\u201d dedi\u011fi \u015fey sayesinde bu masala inanaca\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7o\u011fu ki\u015fi iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn bug\u00fcn olanakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor, zira bunlara g\u00f6re e\u011fer ISK yerle\u015fimcileri b\u00f6lgeden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaya kalkarsa i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu do\u011fru olabilir, ama daha fazla arg\u00fcmana ihtiya\u00e7 var. Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 yerle\u015fimcileri b\u00f6lgeden s\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kuvvete ba\u015fvurmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u0130SK g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde belirlenecek olan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n gerisine \u00e7ekilebilir. Bu takdirde s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n \u00f6tesinde kalan yerle\u015fimciler i\u00e7in iki se\u00e7enek bulunacakt\u0131r: ya devlet s\u00fcbvansiyonlu evlerini terk ederek \u0130srail\u2019e d\u00f6neceklerdir, ya da Filistin y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131na gireceklerdir. 2005\u2019te Gazze\u2019de bilin\u00e7li bir bi\u00e7imde sahneye konan \u201culusal travma\u201d i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erliydi; uygulaman\u0131n sahteli\u011fi o kadar a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ki, \u0130srailli yorumcularca bile alaya al\u0131nd\u0131. \u0130srail\u2019in \u0130SK\u2019nin geri \u00e7ekilece\u011fini duyurmas\u0131 yeterliydi; Gazze\u2019de s\u00fcbvansiyonlu refah i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan yerle\u015fimciler sessizce kendilerine tahsis edilen otob\u00fcslere binip Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki s\u00fcbvansiyonlu yeni konutlar\u0131na gidebilirlerdi. Ama bu takdirde, a\u011flayan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n trajik resimleri ve \u201cbir daha asla\u201d \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fcretilemezdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zetleyecek olursak, s\u0131k s\u0131k tekrarlanan iddian\u0131n aksine, \u0130srail\u2019in kendini Gazze\u2019den gelen roketlere kar\u015f\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in zor kullanmaya hi\u00e7bir hakk\u0131 yok, bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar ter\u00f6rizm su\u00e7u olarak kabul edilse bile. Dahas\u0131, ama\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k. Sald\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdikleri mazeret onursuzca. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha \u00f6zel bir konu var. \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019den gelen roketlere kar\u015f\u0131 zor kullanman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131sa vadeli bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l se\u00e7enekleri var m\u0131? K\u0131sa vadeli bir se\u00e7enek, ate\u015fkes kabul etmek olabilirdi. S\u00fcrekli olarak ihlal etse de, \u0130srail bunu bazen yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En son ve halihaz\u0131rda ge\u00e7erli olan bir durum, Haziran 2008 ate\u015fkesidir. Buna g\u00f6re, \u201cGazze\u2019ye girmesi yasaklanan ve s\u0131n\u0131rlanan t\u00fcm mallar\u0131n giri\u015finin serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d idi. \u0130srail bunu resmen kabul etti, ama ard\u0131ndan derhal Hamas\u2019\u0131n Haziran 2006\u2019da tutuklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130srailli asker Gilad \u015ealit\u2019i serbest b\u0131rakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece anla\u015fmaya uymayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u00e7mayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in insan ka\u00e7\u0131rma konusundaki uzun ge\u00e7mi\u015fini bir kenara b\u0131raksak bile, \u015ealit\u2019in yakalanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcp durdu\u011fu su\u00e7lamalar her zamanki gibi gene utanmazca bir ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u015ealit\u2019i tutuklamas\u0131ndan bir g\u00fcn sonra \u0130srail askerleri Gazze kentine girdi ve iki sivili, Muammer karde\u015fleri ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p \u0130srail\u2019deki 1000\u2019i a\u015fk\u0131n yarg\u0131s\u0131z tutuklu Filistinlinin yan\u0131na t\u0131kt\u0131. Sivillerin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, sald\u0131r\u0131 halindeki ordunun bir askerini tutuklamaktan \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r bir su\u00e7tur, ama \u015ealit hakk\u0131nda yaygara kopar\u0131l\u0131rken bu duyurulmad\u0131. Ve hat\u0131rda kalan sadece \u015ealit\u2019in ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bunun bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 engellemi\u015f oldu\u011fu; insanlar ile iki ayakl\u0131 yarat\u0131klar aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi daha. \u015ealit geri d\u00f6nmelidir, elbette adil bir tutuklu de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015fuyla. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015ealit\u2019in ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, \u0130srail\u2019in dur durak bilmez askeri sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131, s\u0131radan tutku olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ger\u00e7ek sadistlik boyutuna ula\u015ft\u0131. Ama onun tutuklanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce de \u0130srail\u2019in, Eyl\u00fcl geri \u00e7ekilmesinden sonra Gazze\u2019ye hi\u00e7 mazeret g\u00f6stermeye gerek duymadan 7,700\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde f\u00fcze f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msatmakta yarar var. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resmen kabul etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu 2008 ate\u015fkesini reddettikten sonra \u0130srail ku\u015fatmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ku\u015fatman\u0131n bir sava\u015f harekat\u0131 oldu\u011funu an\u0131msatal\u0131m. Ger\u00e7ekte \u0130srail her zaman bundan da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ilkede \u0131srarc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur: Ku\u015fatma boyutuna ula\u015fmasa bile, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n engellenmesi de bir sava\u015f harekat\u0131d\u0131r ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yo\u011fun \u015fiddeti me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130srail\u2019in Tiran Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndan ge\u00e7i\u015finin engellenmesi, 1956\u2019da \u0130srail\u2019in (Fransa ve \u0130ngiltere ile birlikte) M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesinin ve Haziran 1967 sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131n mazereti idi. Gazze \u00fczerindeki ku\u015fatma ise tam, k\u0131smi de\u011fil, i\u015fgalcinin birazc\u0131k gev\u015fetmeye g\u00f6nl\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece mutlak. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve Gazze \u00fczerindeki ku\u015fatman\u0131n Gazzelilere verdi\u011fi zarar, Tiran Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden, \u0130srail doktrinlerinin ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n savunucular\u0131n\u0131n Gazze ge\u00e7idinden \u0130srail\u2019in i\u00e7 kesimlerine roket at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fru g\u00f6rmelerinde bir sorun olmamas\u0131 gerekir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tabii burada da bunu ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lan ilkeyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz: Biz biziz, onlar da onlar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail Haziran 2008\u2019den sonra sadece ku\u015fatmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekle kalmad\u0131, daha da s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. UNRWA\u2019n\u0131n bo\u015falan depolar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmas\u0131n\u0131 bile engelledi, \u201cbu y\u00fczden ate\u015fkes sona erdi\u011finde bizden gelecek yard\u0131ma bakan 750 bin ki\u015fiye da\u011f\u0131tacak malzememiz kalmad\u0131\u201d diyordu BBC\u2019ye UNRWA y\u00f6neticisi John Ging. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in ku\u015fatmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, roket sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fc. 4 kas\u0131mda \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019ye sald\u0131r\u0131p 6 Filistinliyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda roket at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla (herhangi bir insani zarara yol a\u00e7madan) birlikte ate\u015fkes bozulmu\u015f oldu. \u0130srail\u2019in bu bask\u0131n i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi mazeret, Gazze\u2019de t\u00fcnel bulundu\u011funu ve bunun ba\u015fka bir \u0130srail askerinin daha ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi idi. Pek \u00e7ok yorumcunun da kabul etti\u011fi gibi, son derece sa\u00e7ma bir mazeretti bu. B\u00f6yle bir t\u00fcnel bulunsa ve s\u0131n\u0131ra kadar uzan\u0131yor olsayd\u0131 bile, \u0130srail onu kolayca kapayabilirdi. Ama her zamanki gibi, \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 bahaneleri inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 addedildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in bu sald\u0131r\u0131daki amac\u0131 neydi? \u0130srail\u2019in planlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin i\u00e7erden hi\u00e7bir kan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131z yok, ama sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130ngiliz muhabir Rory McCarthy\u2019nin bildirdi\u011fi gibi, Hamas ile El Fetih\u2019in Kahire\u2019de \u201caralar\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 gidermek ve birle\u015fik tek bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmak i\u00e7in\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere ba\u015flamalar\u0131n\u0131n hemen \u00f6ncesine denk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc biliyoruz. Gazze\u2019nin Hamas\u2019\u0131n denetime ge\u00e7mesiyle sonu\u00e7lanan Haziran 2007 i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonraki ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeydi bu ve diplomatik \u00e7abalarda ileri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olu\u015fturacakt\u0131. \u0130srail\u2019in diplomasi tehlikesini savu\u015fturabilmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenledi\u011fi, baz\u0131lar\u0131na yukar\u0131da de\u011findi\u011fimiz provokasyanlar\u0131n uzun bir tarihi vard\u0131r. Bu da bir yenisi olabilirdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hamas\u2019\u0131n Gazze\u2019de denetimi ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanan i\u00e7 sava\u015f genellikle Hamas\u2019\u0131n askeri darbesi olarak tan\u0131mlanmakta, b\u00f6ylece onun \u015feytani yan\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f olmakta. Ger\u00e7ek ise biraz daha farkl\u0131; \u0130\u00e7 sava\u015f, Hamas\u2019\u0131 iktidara getiren serbest se\u00e7imleri ters y\u00fcz etmeye y\u00f6nelik kaba bir darbe giri\u015fimi \u00f6zendiren ABD ve \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131. Bunun b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu en az\u0131ndan David Rose\u2019un Eyl\u00fcl 2008\u2019de Vainity Fair<\/em>\u2019de, Bush, Rice ve Ulusal Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131ndan Elliott Adams\u2019\u0131n nas\u0131l \u201cEl Fetih\u2019in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adamlar\u0131ndan Muhammed Dahlan \u00f6nderli\u011findeki bir silahl\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fc destekleyerek Gazze\u2019de bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flatt\u0131klar\u0131 ve Hamas\u2019\u0131 her zamankinden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hale getirdiklerini,\u201d ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve belgeli bir \u015fekilde anlatmas\u0131ndan beri biliniyor. Onun bu anlat\u0131s\u0131 son s\u0131ralarda Christian Science Monitor\u2019da (12 Ocak 2009) Normen Olsen taraf\u0131ndan da do\u011fruland\u0131; D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015fleri bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 26 y\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan, ve bu arada d\u00f6rt y\u0131l Gazze \u015feridinde, d\u00f6rt y\u0131l da Tel Aviv\u2019deki ABD b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011finde g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f olan Olsen, daha sonra bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele koordinat\u00f6r yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenmi\u015fti. Olsen ve o\u011flunun ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 raporuna g\u00f6re, D\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015flerindeki kurnazlar adaylar\u0131 Abbas\u2019\u0131n Ocak 2006 se\u00e7imlerini kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131; daha sonra da bunu demokrasinin zaferi olarak ilan etmeye haz\u0131rlan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Se\u00e7im senaryolar\u0131 tutmay\u0131nca bu kez Filistinlileri cezaland\u0131rmaya karar vermi\u015fler ve El Fetih\u2019in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adamlar\u0131ndan Muhammed Dahlan\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netiminde silahl\u0131 bir milis olu\u015fturmaya y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdi; ama \u201cDahlan\u2019\u0131n e\u015fkiyalar\u0131 acele davranm\u0131\u015flar\u201d ve Hamas\u2019\u0131n erken m\u00fcdahalesi darbeyi \u00f6nlemi\u015f, sonu\u00e7ta itaatsiz Gazzelileri cezaland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in daha a\u011f\u0131r ABD-\u0130srail \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Parti \u00c7izgisi daha kabul edilebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce Hamas, Temmuz ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131na d\u00f6nme \u00f6nerisinde bulundu, ama \u0130srail bunu dikkate almad\u0131. Tarih\u00e7i ve Carter y\u00f6netiminin eski y\u00fcksek d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticilerinden Robert Pastor, \u0130SK\u2019deki bir \u201c\u00fcst r\u00fctbeli bir memura\u201d bu \u00f6neriyi iletti, ama \u0130srail herhangi bir yan\u0131t vermedi. Haber kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130srail i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik Birimi\u2019nin \u015ein Bet ba\u015fkan\u0131 21 Aral\u0131k\u2019ta Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail ile \u201cs\u00fckuneti\u201d korumay\u0131 istedi\u011fini bildirmi\u015f, ne var ki \u0130srail ordusu sald\u0131r\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam etmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pastor, salt Gazze ile ilgili olarak, \u201cRoketleri durdurmaya y\u00f6nelik askeri harekat yerine uygulanabilecek ku\u015fkusuz bir se\u00e7enek vard\u0131\u201d diyor. Fazlaca tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmayan, uzun vadeli bir se\u00e7enek daha var: \u0130\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm topraklar\u0131 kapsayacak bir politik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc kabul etmek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srailli k\u0131demli d\u0131\u015f politika muhabirlerinden Akiva Eldar\u2019\u0131n bildirdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u0130srail\u2019in 27 Aral\u0131k\u2019taki geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fgalini ba\u015flatmas\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6nce, \u201cHamas politb\u00fcro ba\u015fkan\u0131 Halid Me\u015fal, \u0130zeddin el Kas\u0131m \u0130nternet sitesinde, \u2018sadece sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 durdurmaya haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olmakla kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 duyurmu\u015f ve Hamas\u2019\u0131n se\u00e7imleri kazanmas\u0131ndan ve b\u00f6lgenin y\u00f6netimini \u00fcstlenmesinden \u00f6nceki haliyle, 2005\u2019teki Refah kap\u0131s\u0131 anla\u015fmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fclmesini \u00f6nermi\u015fti. Bu d\u00fczenlemede kap\u0131n\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r, Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Filistin Ulusal Y\u00f6netimi ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hamas taraf\u0131ndan ortak olarak y\u00f6netilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmekteydi\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in bu yeni sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddetin daha baya\u011f\u0131 mazur g\u00f6stericilerinin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc standart iddialardan biri de; \u201cson yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca pek \u00e7ok kez oldu\u011fu gibi – 1982 L\u00fcbnan Sava\u015f\u0131, 1988 Intifada\u2019s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u2018Demir Yumruk\u2019, 2006 L\u00fcbnan Sava\u015f\u0131 – \u0130sraillilerin, kabul edilemez ter\u00f6r eylemlerine kar\u015f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fmana ders verebilmek amac\u0131yla, ac\u0131mas\u0131z bir kararl\u0131l\u0131kla yan\u0131t verdi\u011fi\u201d (New York edit\u00f6r\u00fc David Remnick) 2006 i\u015fgali ancak i\u011fren\u00e7 bir ahlaks\u0131zl\u0131k temelinde mazur g\u00f6sterilebilir. 1988 \u0130ntifada\u2019s\u0131na \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi i\u011fren\u00e7 tepki ise tart\u0131\u015fmaya yer b\u0131rakmayacak kadar adiceydi. Bu konunun ho\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir yorumu ancak \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir cehaletin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olabilir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, Remnick\u2019in 1982 i\u015fgaline ili\u015fkin de\u011finmesi olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n bir iddia, bu y\u00fczden de bir iki an\u0131msatmay\u0131 hak ediyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki bir y\u0131l boyunca \u0130srail-L\u00fcbnan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, en az\u0131ndan L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan \u0130srail\u2019e do\u011fru, yani kuzeyden g\u00fcneye y\u00f6nelik olarak, inkar edilemeyecek \u015fekilde sakindi. Y\u0131l boyunca, \u0130srail\u2019in dikkatli bir bi\u00e7imde haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgal plan\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayabilmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenledi\u011fi k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131na, hatta \u00e7ok say\u0131da sivil kayba neden olan bombard\u0131manlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n FK\u00d6, \u0131srarla ABD\u2019nin \u0130srail\u2019e bir ate\u015fkes kabul ettirmesini bekledi. \u0130srail\u2019in bekledi\u011fi ise bir iki basit kar\u015f\u0131 tepkiydi. Ard\u0131ndan, ciddiye al\u0131nmayacak kadar sa\u00e7ma bahanelerle sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7ti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fgalin elbette \u201ckabul edilemez ter\u00f6r eylemleriyle\u201d bir ilgisi yoktu, ama bir ba\u015fka katlan\u0131lmaz eylem t\u00fcr\u00fcyle ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011fu kesindi: diplomasi. Bunun karanl\u0131kta kalan bir yan\u0131 yoktu. ABD destekli i\u015fgal ba\u015flar ba\u015flamaz, \u0130srail\u2019in \u00f6nde gelen Filistin akademik uzmanlar\u0131ndan Yeho\u015fua Porath \u2013 hi\u00e7 de g\u00fcvercin de\u011fildir-, Arafat\u2019\u0131n ate\u015fkesi korumas\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u0130srail devletinin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ek bir y\u0131k\u0131m\u201d olu\u015fturdu\u011funu, zira bunun politik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kap\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ter\u00f6rizme ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6ylece \u201cpolitik anla\u015fmalara y\u00f6nelik gelecekteki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde me\u015fru bir ortak\u201d olma tehlikesini yok etmesini arzuluyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019de durum iyi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halde, ve bu gizlenmiyor da. Ba\u015fbakan \u0130zhak \u015eamir, \u0130srail\u2019in \u201cm\u00fcthi\u015f bir tehlike… O kadar askeri olmasa da politik bir tehlike\u201d bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor; bunu ta\u015flama ustas\u0131 B. Michael \u015f\u00f6yle yorumlayacakt\u0131: \u201cAskeri bir tehlikenin ya da Galilea i\u00e7in bir tehlikenin bulundu\u011funa ili\u015fkin s\u0131radan mazeret \u00f6ld\u00fc,\u201d zaman\u0131nda davran\u0131p ilk biz sald\u0131rarak \u201cpolitik tehlikeyi yok ettik\u201d; \u015fimdi \u201cTanr\u0131\u2019ya \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr, konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kimse kalmad\u0131\u201d. Tarih\u00e7i Benny Morris, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ate\u015fkesi korudu\u011funu kabul ediyor, ve \u201csava\u015f\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn \u0130srail ve \u0130srail\u2019in i\u015fgal etti\u011fi topraklardaki denetimi i\u00e7in politik bir tehlike olu\u015fturmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirtiyor. Di\u011ferleri de bu ger\u00e7ekten tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz olgular\u0131 kabul ediyorlar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son Gazze i\u015fgaline ili\u015fkin yorumlar\u0131ndan birinde New York Times <\/em>muhabiri Steven Lee Meyers, \u201cBir anlamda, Gazze sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019in 1982\u2019de Arafat\u2019\u0131n kuvvetlerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tehdidi yok etmek i\u00e7in giri\u015fti\u011fi L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda riski g\u00f6ze al\u0131p kaybetti\u011fi kumar\u0131 an\u0131msat\u0131yor,\u201d diye yaz\u0131yor. 1982\u2019de, 2008\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi 1982\u2019de de politik anla\u015fma tehdidini yok etmek gerekiyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srailli propagandac\u0131lar\u0131n umudu, ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n ve bat\u0131 medyas\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130srail\u2019in Galilea\u2019ya d\u00fc\u015fen roket ya\u011fmuruna, \u201ckabul edilemez ter\u00f6r eylemlerine\u201d tepki g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi masal\u0131n\u0131 yutmas\u0131yd\u0131. Hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na da u\u011framad\u0131lar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in bar\u0131\u015f istemedi\u011finden de\u011fil; herkes bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ister, Hitler bile istiyordu. Sorun, bunun hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fi. Siyonist hareket daha ilk do\u011fu\u015f an\u0131ndan itibaren hede erine ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in en iyi stratejinin politik anla\u015fmay\u0131 geciktirmek, bu arada yava\u015f yava\u015f oldu bitti\u2019lerle amaca do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcmek oldu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta 1947 anla\u015fmas\u0131 gibi kimi zaman ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ender anla\u015fmalar\u0131 bile, \u00f6nderlik, bir sonraki geni\u015flemeye y\u00f6nelik ge\u00e7ici ad\u0131mlar olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir. 1982 L\u00fcbnan sava\u015f\u0131, diplomasiye duyulan m\u00fcthi\u015f korkunun dramatik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Bunu, \u0130srail\u2019in laik FK\u00d6\u2019y\u00fc ve onun sinir bozucu bar\u0131\u015f giri\u015fimlerini zay\u0131 atmak i\u00e7in Hamas\u2019a verdi\u011fi destek izledi. Herkes\u00e7e biliniyor olmas\u0131 gereken bir ba\u015fka olgu da, 1967 sava\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, \u0130srail\u2019in, kullanaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddete mazeret haz\u0131rlamak ve daha fazla toprak elde etmek i\u00e7in Suriye\u2019yi k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmaya y\u00f6nelik uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 provokasyonlard\u0131; Savunma Bakan\u0131 Mo\u015fe Dayan\u2019\u0131n ifadesine g\u00f6re, olaylar\u0131n en az y\u00fczde 80\u2019\u0131 bu provokasyonlar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyd\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sorun \u00e7ok eskilere dayan\u0131yor. \u0130srail devletinin kurulmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 olan Hagana\u2019n\u0131n resmi tarihine g\u00f6re, 1924\u2019te dinci \u015fair Jacob de Haan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin nedeni, yeni g\u00f6\u00e7menlere ve onlar\u0131n yerle\u015fim yerleri kurma giri\u015fimine kar\u015f\u0131 geleneksel Yahudi toplumu ve Arap Y\u00fcksek Komitesi ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131yd\u0131. O zamandan beri buna benzer say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6rnek vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn geciktirilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar\u0131n hep anlaml\u0131 bir nedeni olmu\u015ftur, \u201cbar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclecek bir ortak yok\u201d yalan\u0131na e\u015flik eden neden gibi. Ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir yerde toprak elde edebilmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin olanana\u011f\u0131 yoktur. \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda da benzer nedenler yatar. 4 Kas\u0131m 2009\u2019da ate\u015fkesi bozmas\u0131 son d\u00f6nemdeki bir dolu \u00f6rnekten sadece birisidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kronolojide, Haziran 2008\u2019deki ate\u015fkesin \u201cdaha \u00f6nceleri sakinlerinin bir sonraki Filistin roket sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 korkusu alt\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sderot\u2019ta ve Gazze\u2019ye yak\u0131n di\u011fer \u0130srail beldelerinde ya\u015fam kalitesinin d\u00fczelmesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir katk\u0131da bulundu\u011fu; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Gazze \u015feridinde \u0130srail ablukas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve n\u00fcfusun ate\u015fkesten pek bir yarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi,\u201d belirtilmektedir. Ama Gazze yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki \u0130srail beldelerinde g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131lar, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019daki yay\u0131lmay\u0131 ve Filistin\u2019in geri kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde direni\u015fi ezmeyi durdurabilecek diplomatik giri\u015fimleri cayd\u0131rma gereklili\u011finden daha \u00f6nemli de\u011fildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yay\u0131lman\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fe ye\u011flenmesi \u00f6zellikle \u0130srail\u2019in 1972\u2019de Henry Kissinger\u2019\u0131n deste\u011fiyle M\u0131s\u0131r Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Enver Sedat\u2019\u0131n Filistinlilere hi\u00e7bir \u015fey vaat etmeyen bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerisini k\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00f6r\u00fcne reddetmesiyle daha da belirgin hale geldi; bu \u00f6neriyi ABD sekiz y\u0131l sonra Camp David\u2019de, \u0130srail i\u00e7in neredeyse b\u00fcy\u00fck bir felakete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme tehlikesi g\u00f6steren b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sava\u015ftan sonra kabul etmek zorunda kalacakt\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r ile imzalanacak bir bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik konusundaki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tehdidin son bulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131, ama kabul edilemeyecek bir quid pro quo <\/em>(kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, bedel, -\u00e7.n.) vard\u0131: \u0130srail\u2019in Sina yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n kuzeydo\u011fusundaki yerle\u015fim yerleri olu\u015fturma program\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mesi gerekiyordu. G\u00fcvenlik o d\u00f6nemde de yay\u0131lmadan daha az \u00f6neme sahip bir \u00f6ncelikti, bug\u00fcn de \u00f6yle. Zev Maoz\u2019un \u0130srail\u2019in g\u00fcvenlik ve d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131na ili\u015fkin dev yap\u0131t\u0131 \u201cKutsal Topraklar\u0131n Savunusu\u201dnda bu temel sonucu belgeleyen \u00e7ok say\u0131da malzemeye rastlanabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn \u0130srail g\u00fcvenli\u011fe kavu\u015fabilir, ili\u015fkilerini normalle\u015ftirebilir ve b\u00f6lgesel entegrasyon elde edebilir. Ama \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k ki yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 geni\u015flemeyi, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ve durmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u015fiddet uygulamay\u0131 buna ye\u011fliyor; ye\u011fledi\u011fi eylemler yaln\u0131zca yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131, canice ve tahrip edici de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bizzat kendi g\u00fcvenli\u011fini uzun vadede zedeleyici nitelikte. ABD\u2019li sava\u015f ve Ortado\u011fu uzman\u0131 Andrew Cordesman, \u0130srail askeri g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn savunmas\u0131z Gazze\u2019yi ku\u015fkusuz ezebilme yetene\u011fine sahip olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, \u201cne \u0130srail\u2019in ne de ABD\u2019nin Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n en bilge ve \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 seslerinden birinin, prens T\u00fcrki al-Faysal\u2019\u0131n ac\u0131 s\u00f6zlerine kar\u015f\u0131 asla bir sava\u015f kazanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirtiyor; al- Faysal 6 Ocak\u2019ta \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: \u201cBush h\u00fck\u00fcmeti [Obama\u2019ya] tiksinti verici bir miras ve Gazze\u2019deki su\u00e7suz insanlar\u0131n katledilmesi ve kan ak\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131k hali devretmi\u015ftir… Yeter art\u0131k, bug\u00fcn hepimiz Filistinliyiz ve Gazze\u2019de \u00f6lenlerle birlikte Tanr\u0131 ve Filistin ad\u0131na \u015fehadet istiyoruz.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130srail\u2019in bilge seslerinden biri, Uri Avnery ise \u0130srail\u2019in askeri zaferinden sonra \u015funlar\u0131 yaz\u0131yordu: \u201cAte\u015fle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n vicdan\u0131na kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f halde kalacak olan, elleri kana bulanm\u0131\u015f, her an sava\u015f su\u00e7u i\u015flemeye haz\u0131r ve asla herhangi bir ahlaki s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan canavar bir \u0130srail imgesidir. Bunun uzun vadede gelece\u011fimiz, d\u00fcnyadaki sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, bar\u0131\u015f ve huzura ula\u015fma olanaklar\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Son tahlilde bu sava\u015f ayn\u0131 zamanda kendimize kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f bir su\u00e7tur, \u0130srail devletine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f bir su\u00e7.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden pek \u00e7ok neden var. \u0130srail bilerek ve isteyerek kendini d\u00fcnyada en fazla nefret edilen \u00fclke haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmektedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Bat\u0131 halklar\u0131n\u0131n, hatta bu cinayetleri art\u0131k daha fazla kald\u0131ramayacak olan ABD\u2019li gen\u00e7 Yahudilerin sadakatini de yitirmektedir. On y\u0131llarca \u00f6nce, kendini \u201c\u0130srail taraftarlar\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlayanlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda onun ahlaki dejenerasyonunun ve olas\u0131 bir nihai y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n taraftarlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm bug\u00fcn \u00e7ok daha inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hale gelmi\u015f durumda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir yandan da tuhaf bir tarihi olay\u0131 sessizce izliyoruz, rahmetli \u0130srailli sosyolog Baruch Kimmerling\u2019in \u201cpoliticide\u201d diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 olguyu, yani bir ulusun katledili\u015fini \u2013 kendi ellerimizle. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

20 Ocak 2009 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

*Chomsky\u2019nin yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n orjinal ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: \u201cExterminate all the Brutes\u201d: Gaza 2009. Kaynak: http:\/\/www.chomsky.info\/articles\/20090119.htm <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Noam Chomsky  27 Aral\u0131k Cumartesi (2008) g\u00fcn\u00fc, savunmas\u0131z Filistinlilere y\u00f6nelik son ABD-\u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. \u0130srail bas\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6re sald\u0131r\u0131 6 ay \u00f6ncesinden \u00f6zenle planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ki unsurdan (askeri harek\u00e2t ve propaganda) olu\u015fan plan, tasar\u0131m\u0131 yetersiz ve tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen 2006 L\u00fcbnan i\u015fgali derslerine dayan\u0131yordu. Bu y\u00fczden, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilenlerin ve s\u00f6ylenenlerin \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan emin olabiliriz.  […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[643],"tags":[319,315,318,317,316],"class_list":["post-258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-filistin","tag-319","tag-butun","tag-gazze","tag-katledin","tag-yaratiklari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1002,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions\/1002"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}