{"id":2527,"date":"2022-02-26T13:12:07","date_gmt":"2022-02-26T10:12:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/?p=2527"},"modified":"2022-02-28T23:02:04","modified_gmt":"2022-02-28T20:02:04","slug":"v-i-lenin-rusya-japonya-savasinda-tutumumuz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/2022\/02\/26\/v-i-lenin-rusya-japonya-savasinda-tutumumuz\/","title":{"rendered":"V. I. Lenin: Rusya-Japonya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda tutumumuz"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da okuyucular\u0131m\u0131zla, Rusya Sosyal Demokrat \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi\u2019nin Merkez Komitesi\u2019nin 1904\u2019te patlak veren Rusya-Japonya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine olan deklarasyonu payla\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bu metin 16 \u015eubat 1904\u2019te, RSD\u0130P\u2019in Bol\u015fevik fraksiyonunun \u00f6nderi olan V. \u0130. Lenin taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nd\u0131 ve yine \u015eubat 1904\u2019te ayr\u0131 bir bildiri olarak bas\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metin, Rus-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n patlak vermesinden bir hafta sonra Lenin taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u015fehrinde parti komitelerine derhal bas\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talimat\u0131yla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bildirinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle Nizhny Novgorod (7700 kopya da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131), Tver ve Saratov komiteleri ile Kiev\u2019deki \u00f6\u011frenciler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol \u00fcstlendiler. Ayr\u0131ca Lenin\u2019in bildirisi, 5 Mart (18) 1904\u2019te, Iskra<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n 61. say\u0131s\u0131nda yeniden yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bildirinin orijinal basl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Rusya proletaryas\u0131na<\/em> idi. Tro\u00e7kist Yay\u0131n Kurulu olarak, Putin \u00f6nderli\u011findeki b\u00fcy\u00fck Rus \u015fovenizminin Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgal giri\u015fiminin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken Leninist tutumun tarihsel ve metodolojik kaynaklar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, metnin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Rusya-Japonya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda tutumumuz<\/em> \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bu ba\u011flamda, 1904 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Japonya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik geli\u015fmi\u015flik, asker\u00ee yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k ve uluslararas\u0131 ticari imtiyazlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 2022 Ukrayna\u2019s\u0131ndan daha \u201cileride\u201d oldu\u011fu hesaba kat\u0131lmal\u0131 ve Lenin\u2019in, Japonya da bir b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tutumu alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131. Zira Putin bug\u00fcn Japonya gibi bir \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00fc\u00e7\u2019e\u201d de\u011fil, Ukrayna gibi bir yar\u0131s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkeye sald\u0131r\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7eviri: <\/strong>Kaan G\u00fcnde\u015f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1904\/feb\/03.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. Japonlar \u015fimdiden Rus birliklerini bir dizi yenilgiye u\u011fratt\u0131 ve \u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u015fimdi bu yenilgilerin intikam\u0131n\u0131 almak ad\u0131na her yolu deniyor. Asker\u00ee b\u00f6lgeler birbiri ard\u0131na seferber ediliyor ve on binlerce asker aceleyle Uzak Do\u011fu\u2019ya sevk ediliyor; bir ba\u015fka bor\u00e7 daha g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131ns\u0131n diye yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda umutsuz \u00e7abalar sarf ediliyor ve anla\u015fmal\u0131 taraflara, sava\u015f departman\u0131n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu i\u015fleri h\u0131zland\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcnde binlerce rubleye varan ikramiyeler vaat ediliyor. Halk\u0131n her zerresi en b\u00fcy\u00fck gerilime maruz b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u015flat\u0131lan m\u00fccadele basit bir mesele de\u011fil; zira bu, \u00e7ok iyi bir \u015fekilde silahlanm\u0131\u015f, sava\u015fa harika bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr ulusal kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in acilen gerekli oldu\u011funa inand\u0131klar\u0131 ko\u015fullar i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden 50 milyonluk bir halka kar\u015f\u0131 verilen bir m\u00fccadeledir. Bu, despotik ve gerici bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin siyaseten \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda h\u0131zla geli\u015fen bir halka kar\u015f\u0131 verece\u011fi bir m\u00fccadele olacakt\u0131r. 1877 ve 1878\u2019de Rus halk\u0131na olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek bir bedel \u00f6deten ve hastal\u0131kl\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 verilen sava\u015f, \u015fimdi ba\u015flayan sava\u015fla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6nemsiz kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durumda, \u015fu anda Rus i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan Japonlara kar\u015f\u0131 verilen \u00f6l\u00fcm kal\u0131m m\u00fccadelesinde s\u00f6z konusu olan nedir? S\u00f6z konusu olan \u201cSar\u0131 Rusya\u2019d\u0131r\u201d, s\u00f6z konusu olan Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irilen yeni topraklar olan Man\u00e7urya ve Kore\u2019dir. Rusya di\u011fer t\u00fcm g\u00fc\u00e7lere \u00c7in\u2019in dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma s\u00f6z\u00fc vermi\u015fti, Man\u00e7urya\u2019y\u0131 en ge\u00e7 8 Ekim 1903\u2019te \u00c7in\u2019e teslim edece\u011fine s\u00f6z vermi\u015fti ve s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirme noktas\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. \u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, asker\u00ee maceralar ve kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalama politikas\u0131nda o denli ileri gitti ki, geri d\u00f6necek g\u00fcc\u00fc bulamad\u0131. \u201cSar\u0131 Rusya\u2019da\u201d tahkimatlar ve limanlar in\u015fa etti, bir demiryolu hatt\u0131 d\u00f6\u015fedi ve on binlerce askeri bir araya toplad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakat Rus halk\u0131n\u0131n, elde edilmesi bu kadar \u00e7ok kan ve fedakarl\u0131\u011fa mal olan ve daha da pahal\u0131ya mal olmaya mahk\u00fbm olan bu yeni topraklardan ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 var? Rus i\u015f\u00e7isi ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in sava\u015f yeni felaketler, bir dolu insan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi, ailelerin kitlesel olarak mahvolmas\u0131 ve daha fazla y\u00fck ile vergi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. Rus ordusu liderli\u011fi ve \u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, sava\u015f\u0131n asker\u00ee zafer vaat etti\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Rus t\u00fcccar ve milyoner-sanayici, kendi mallar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni pazarlar\u0131n sa\u011flama al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve Rus ticaretinin geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in yasaks\u0131z ve buzlar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir denizde yeni limanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. A\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lmek \u00fczere olan mujik ve i\u015fsiz i\u015f\u00e7iye kendi yurtlar\u0131nda fazla sat\u0131\u015f yapamazs\u0131n\u0131z, yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerde pazarlar aramal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z! Rus burjuvazisinin zenginlikleri, Rus i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin yoksulla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131 \u00fczerinden yarat\u0131ld\u0131 – ve bu nedenle, \u015fimdi, bu zenginliklerin katlanmas\u0131 u\u011fruna, i\u015f\u00e7iler, Rus burjuvazisinin \u00c7inli ve Koreli emek\u00e7ileri fethetmesi ve onlar\u0131 k\u00f6lele\u015ftirmesi i\u00e7in kendi kanlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6kmeliler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emek\u00e7i halk i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketler bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bu canice sava\u015f, a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fc burjuvazinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, k\u00e2r amac\u0131yla kendi \u00fclkesini satmaya ve y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fratmaya haz\u0131rlanan sermayenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rus vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131n ve mallar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu bu tehlikeli kumar, t\u00fcm insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fneyen ve halk\u0131n\u0131 esaret alt\u0131nda tutan despot bir h\u00fck\u00fcmetin politikas\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. Vah\u015fi sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na, para keselerinin dalkavuklar\u0131n\u0131n ve polis k\u0131rbac\u0131n\u0131n u\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cvatansever\u201d bayrak sallamas\u0131na cevap olarak, s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li sosyal demokrat proletarya \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131 ve on kat enerjiyle hep birlikte \u015funu talep etmelidir: \u201cKahrolsun otokrasi!\u201d, \u201cHalk\u0131n kurucu meclisi toplans\u0131n!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7arl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bu pervas\u0131z asker\u00ee kumar\u0131n i\u00e7ine o kadar dald\u0131 ki, tehlikede olan \u00e7ok fazla \u015fey var. Ba\u015far\u0131 durumunda bile, Japonya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f halk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin tamamen t\u00fckenmesi tehditini yarat\u0131yor – zaferin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 kesinlikle ihmal edilebilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc di\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7ler 1895\u2019te Japonya\u2019n\u0131n bunu yapmas\u0131n\u0131 engelledikleri (1) <\/strong>gibi Rusya’n\u0131n da zaferin meyvelerinden yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyeceklerdir. Yenilgi durumunda ise sava\u015f, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce halk\u0131n cahilli\u011fine ve yoksunlu\u011funa, bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddete dayal\u0131 t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcmet sisteminin \u00e7\u00f6kmesine yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fczgar ekenler kas\u0131rga bi\u00e7ecek!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fas\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 sermayenin boyunduru\u011fundan tam kurtulu\u015f i\u00e7in sava\u015fan t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin proleterlerinin karde\u015f\u00e7e birli\u011fi! Ya\u015fas\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131 protesto eden Japon sosyal demokrasisi! A\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131k ve ya\u011fmac\u0131 \u00c7arl\u0131k otokrasisinin can\u0131 cehenneme!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusya Sosyal Demokrat \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi Merkez Komitesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Dipnot:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1.)<\/strong> \u00c7in-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (1894-95) ard\u0131ndan, 1895 Shimonoseki Antla\u015fmas\u0131, \u00c7in\u2019i Liaotung Yar\u0131madas\u0131 ile Penghuletao (Pescadores) ve Tayvan adalar\u0131n\u0131 Japonya\u2019ya b\u0131rakmaya ve 200 milyon hang tazminat \u00f6demeye zorlad\u0131 (tazminat daha sonra 230 milyon hanga \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131). Yine bu anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re \u00c7in, Japonya\u2019ya bir dizi ekonomik ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tan\u0131yacakt\u0131. Japonya\u2019n\u0131n artan g\u00fcc\u00fcnden korkan Rusya, Fransa ve Almanya, Shimonoseki Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 protesto etti ve bu durum, Japonya\u2019y\u0131 Liaotung Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ilhak etmekten vazge\u00e7meye zorlad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da okuyucular\u0131m\u0131zla, Rusya Sosyal Demokrat \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi\u2019nin Merkez Komitesi\u2019nin 1904\u2019te patlak veren Rusya-Japonya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine olan deklarasyonu payla\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bu metin 16 \u015eubat 1904\u2019te, RSD\u0130P\u2019in Bol\u015fevik fraksiyonunun \u00f6nderi olan V. \u0130. Lenin taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nd\u0131 ve yine \u015eubat 1904\u2019te ayr\u0131 bir bildiri olarak bas\u0131ld\u0131.  Metin, Rus-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n patlak vermesinden bir hafta sonra Lenin taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":2528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[705],"tags":[1023,153,76],"class_list":["post-2527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarih","tag-japonya","tag-rusya","tag-ukrayna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2527"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2530,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527\/revisions\/2530"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}