{"id":2523,"date":"2022-02-25T01:10:20","date_gmt":"2022-02-24T22:10:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/?p=2523"},"modified":"2022-02-28T23:01:51","modified_gmt":"2022-02-28T20:01:51","slug":"lenin-yasasin-ozgur-ukraynanin-ozgur-koylu-ve-iscileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/2022\/02\/25\/lenin-yasasin-ozgur-ukraynanin-ozgur-koylu-ve-iscileri\/","title":{"rendered":"Lenin: &#8220;Ya\u015fas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve i\u015f\u00e7ileri&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130lk kez <em>Pravda<\/em>&#8216;n\u0131n 82 numaral\u0131 ve 28 (15) Haziran 1917 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu metnin orijinal basl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <em>Ukrayna<\/em> idi. Tro\u00e7kist Yay\u0131n Kurulu olarak, Putin \u00f6nderli\u011findeki b\u00fcy\u00fck Rus \u015fovenizminin Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgal giri\u015fiminin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken Leninist tutumun tarihsel ve metodolojik kaynaklar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, metnin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <em>Ya\u015fas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve i\u015f\u00e7ileri<\/em> \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c7eviri:<\/strong> Sena Ayd\u0131n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1917\/jun\/28.htm\">https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/lenin\/works\/1917\/jun\/28.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>***<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeni ve bir koalisyon olan Ge\u00e7ici H\u00fck\u00fcmet\u2019in politik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderek daha belirgin hale geliyor. Ukrayna Merkez Konseyi Rada <strong>[1]<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan ve 11 Haziran 1917\u2019de T\u00fcm-Ukrayna Ordu Kongresi taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine ili\u015fkin Evrensel Kanun, bu politikay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belgesel kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 sunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cRusya\u2019dan ayr\u0131lmadan, Rus Devleti\u2019nden kopmadan\u201d diyor kanun, \u201cUkrayna halk\u0131n\u0131n kendi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131nda \u015fekillendirme hakk\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131na izin verin&#8230; Ukrayna\u2019da d\u00fczeni sa\u011flayacak t\u00fcm yasalar yaln\u0131zca Ukrayna Meclisi taraf\u0131ndan onaylanabilir ve Rusya Devleti genelinde d\u00fczeni sa\u011flayan yasalar T\u00fcm Rusya Parlamentosu taraf\u0131ndan onaylan\u0131r.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunlar son derece a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zlerdir. Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu anda Rusya\u2019dan ayr\u0131lmak istemedi\u011fini \u00f6zellikle belirtiyorlar. \u201cT\u00fcm Rusya Parlamentosu&#8217;nun\u201d en y\u00fcksek otoritesine olan ihtiyac\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmeden \u00f6zerklik talep ediyorlar. Bir sosyalist \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, herhangi bir demokrat bile Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n taleplerinin tam me\u015fruiyetini ink\u00e2r etmeye cesaret edemez. Ve hi\u00e7bir demokrat, Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n Rusya\u2019dan \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ink\u00e2r edemez. Ukraynal\u0131lar ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Ruslar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr birli\u011fini, iki halk\u0131n tek bir devlette g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc birlikteli\u011fini savunmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan yeg\u00e2ne \u015fey bu hakk\u0131n ko\u015fulsuz olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. Dil, toprak, karakter ve tarih bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirine bu kadar yak\u0131n olan iki halk\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak yabanc\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in her \u015feyin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 lanetli \u00c7arl\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015finden fiili olarak tam ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmez bir kopu\u015f ancak bu hakk\u0131n ko\u015fulsuz olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mektedir. Lanetli \u00c7arl\u0131k, B\u00fcy\u00fck Ruslar\u0131 Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131n cellatlar\u0131 yapt\u0131 ve Ukraynal\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kendi anadillerinde konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve okumalar\u0131n\u0131 bile yasaklayan bir nefreti k\u00f6r\u00fckledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rusya\u2019n\u0131n devrimci demokratlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten devrimci ve ger\u00e7ekten demokratik olmak istiyorlarsa, bu ge\u00e7mi\u015ften kopmal\u0131; kendileri i\u00e7in ve Rusya i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri i\u00e7in Ukraynal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin karde\u015f\u00e7e g\u00fcvenini yeniden kazanmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu, Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n serbest ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 tam olarak tan\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck devletlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yana de\u011filiz. D\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u201ckendi\u201d kapitalistlerine ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin kapitalistlerine kar\u015f\u0131 en s\u0131k\u0131 birli\u011finden yanay\u0131z. Ama bu birli\u011fin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, Rus ya da Ukrayna burjuvazisine bir an bile g\u00fcvenmeyen Rus i\u015f\u00e7isi, \u015fimdi Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131, dostlu\u011funu onlara empoze etmeden, aksine sosyalizm m\u00fccadelesinde onlara e\u015fit, m\u00fcttefik ve karde\u015f gibi davranmak suretiyle dostluklar\u0131n\u0131 kazanmaya \u00e7abalayarak savunuyor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6fkeden yar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f k\u00fcstah burjuva kar\u015f\u0131devrimcilerin gazetesi Rech, \u201cgayri me\u015fru\u201d kararlar\u0131 nedeniyle Ukraynal\u0131lara vah\u015fice sald\u0131r\u0131yor. \u201cUkraynal\u0131lar\u0131n bu eylemi,\u201d diyor, \u201ckanunlara g\u00f6re d\u00fcped\u00fcz bir su\u00e7tur ve ciddi me\u015fru cezai tedbirlerin derhal uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.\u201d Vah\u015fi burjuva kar\u015f\u0131devrimcilerin bu sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne eklenecek hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yoktur. Kahrolsun kar\u015f\u0131devrimci burjuvazi! Ya\u015fas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin, devrimci Rusya\u2019n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcleriyle \u00f6zg\u00fcr birli\u011fi!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>***<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dipnot:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>[1]<\/strong>&nbsp;Ukrayna Merkez Konseyi (Rada), Nisan 1917\u2019de Kiev\u2019deki T\u00fcm Ukrayna Ulusal Kongresi\u2019nde Ukraynal\u0131 burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva milliyet\u00e7i parti ve gruplar blo\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan kurulan kar\u015f\u0131devrimci bir burjuva milliyet\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctt\u00fc. Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ukrayna burjuvazisinin ideologlar\u0131ndan M. S. Grushevsky\u2019di; V. K. Vinnichenko da ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. \u00dcyeleri aras\u0131nda Petlyura, Yefremov, Antonovich ve di\u011fer milliyet\u00e7iler vard\u0131. Toplumsal olarak Rada, destek i\u00e7in kent ve k\u0131r burjuvazisine, kulaklara ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva milliyet\u00e7i ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na g\u00fcveniyordu. Ukrayna burjuvazisinin ve toprak sahiplerinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc peki\u015ftirmeye ve Ukrayna\u2019daki ulusal kurtulu\u015f hareketinden yararlanarak bir Ukrayna burjuva devleti kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ulusal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ate\u015fleme kisvesi alt\u0131nda, Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fini kazanmaya, hareketi t\u00fcm-Rusya devrimci hareketinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaya, Ukrayna burjuvazisinin egemenli\u011fine sokmaya ve Ukrayna\u2019da sosyalist devrimin zaferini engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Rada, Ukrayna\u2019ya \u00f6zerklik verilmesi konusundaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ge\u00e7ici H\u00fck\u00fcmet\u2019i destekledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekim Sosyalist Devrimi\u2019nin zaferinin ard\u0131ndan Rada, kendisini \u201cUkrayna Halk Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nin\u201d en y\u00fcksek organ\u0131 ilan etti ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Sovyet y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n genelinde kar\u015f\u0131devrimcilerinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca merkezlerinden biriydi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130lk kez Pravda&#8216;n\u0131n 82 numaral\u0131 ve 28 (15) Haziran 1917 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bu metnin orijinal basl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ukrayna idi. Tro\u00e7kist Yay\u0131n Kurulu olarak, Putin \u00f6nderli\u011findeki b\u00fcy\u00fck Rus \u015fovenizminin Ukrayna halk\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fgal giri\u015fiminin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken Leninist tutumun tarihsel ve metodolojik kaynaklar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, metnin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Ya\u015fas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":2524,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1026],"tags":[153,76],"class_list":["post-2523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ukrayna","tag-rusya","tag-ukrayna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2523"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2526,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2523\/revisions\/2526"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}