{"id":1151,"date":"1919-11-07T16:52:03","date_gmt":"1919-11-07T13:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trockist.net\/?p=1151"},"modified":"2020-04-21T13:51:26","modified_gmt":"2020-04-21T10:51:26","slug":"proletarya-diktatorlugu-caginda-ekonomi-ve-politika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/1919\/11\/07\/proletarya-diktatorlugu-caginda-ekonomi-ve-politika\/","title":{"rendered":"Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda ekonomi ve politika"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki metin V. \u0130. Lenin taraf\u0131ndan 30 Ekim 1919’da yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Metin 7 Kas\u0131m 1919 tarihinde Pravda gazetesinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Pravda edit\u00f6r\u00fc, metnin alt\u0131na Lenin’in yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu notunu d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovyet iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba\u015fl\u0131kta belirtilen konu \u00fczerinde k\u0131sa bir bro\u015f\u00fcr yazmaya niyetlenmi\u015ftim. Ama g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ko\u015fu\u015fturmalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, \u015fimdiye kadar, baz\u0131 kesimlerin \u00f6nhaz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7emedim. Bu nedenle, kan\u0131mca konu \u00fczerindeki en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin k\u0131sa, \u00f6zet bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 yapmay\u0131 denemeye karar verdim. \u00d6zet bir a\u00e7\u0131klama, ku\u015fkusuz, pek \u00e7ok dezavantaja ve eksikliklere sahiptir. Gene de, k\u0131sa bir dergi makalesi, sorunu ve onun, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerin kom\u00fcnistlerince tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken temeli sunmak bi\u00e7imindeki, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki m\u00fctevaz\u0131 amac\u0131 belki de ba\u015farabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teorik a\u00e7\u0131dan, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yok ki, ki, kapitalizm ile kom\u00fcnizm aras\u0131nda, bu her iki toplumsal ekonomi bi\u00e7iminin \u00f6zelliklerini ve niteliklerini birle\u015ftirmesi gereken belli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi uzan\u0131r. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemi, \u00f6len kapitalizm ile do\u011fan kom\u00fcnizm aras\u0131nda -ya da bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, yenilmi\u015f ama yok edilmemi\u015f olan kapitalizm ile do\u011fmu\u015f ama hen\u00fcz \u00e7ok zay\u0131f olan kom\u00fcnizm aras\u0131nda- bir m\u00fccadele d\u00f6nemi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6zellikleriyle ay\u0131rdedilen b\u00fct\u00fcn bir tarihsel d\u00f6nemin gereklili\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca Marksistler i\u00e7in de\u011fil, geli\u015fme teorisi ile biraz olsun tan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan her e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ki\u015fi i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa, sosyalizme ge\u00e7i\u015f konusunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva demokratlar\u0131ndan (ve d\u00fczmece sosyalist etiketlerine kar\u015f\u0131n, MacDonald, Jean Languet, Kautsky ve Friedrich Adler gibi ki\u015filer de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u0130kinci Enternasyonal’in b\u00fct\u00fcn liderleri b\u00f6yledir) duydu\u011fumuz b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00f6zler bu a\u00e7\u0131k ger\u00e7e\u011fin tam bir ihmalinin damgas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva demokratlar, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinden nefretleriyle, ondan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hayalleriyle, keskin k\u00f6\u015feleri ortadan kald\u0131rma, yumu\u015fatma, uzla\u015ft\u0131rma giri\u015fimleriyle ay\u0131rt edilirler. Bu y\u00fczden, bu tip demokratlar, ya kapitalizmden kom\u00fcnizme ge\u00e7i\u015fte t\u00fcm bir tarihsel d\u00f6nemin gereklili\u011fini kabul etmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rlar, ya da bu g\u00fc\u00e7lerden birinin m\u00fccadelesine \u00f6nderlik etmek yerine, \u00e7eki\u015fen iki g\u00fcc\u00fc uzla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in planlar d\u00fczenlemeyi i\u015f edinirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkemizin b\u00fcy\u00fck gerili\u011fi ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva niteli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, Rusya’da, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, baz\u0131 hususlarda, ileri \u00fclkelerde olaca\u011f\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak farkl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ama Rusya’da da temel g\u00fc\u00e7ler – ve toplumsal ekonominin temel bi\u00e7imleri – herhangi bir kapitalist \u00fclkedekinin ayn\u0131d\u0131r, \u00f6yle ki \u00f6zellikler ancak daha az \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan hususlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toplumsal ekonominin temel bi\u00e7imleri kapitalizm, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta \u00fcretimi ve kom\u00fcnizmdir. Temel g\u00fc\u00e7ler burjuvazi, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuvazi (\u00f6zellikle k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck) ve proletaryad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6neminde Rusya’n\u0131n ekonomik sistemi, tek bir geni\u015f devlet \u00e7ap\u0131nda, kom\u00fcnist ilkeler \u00fczerinde birle\u015fmi\u015f ve ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 atan eme\u011fin m\u00fccadelesini – k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta \u00fcretimine ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 direnen kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta \u00fcretimi temeli \u00fczerinde yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta olan kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi – temsil eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusya’da emek, birincisi \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, ve ikincisi de, proleter devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc, devlet mal\u0131 topraklar ve devlet mal\u0131 i\u015fletmelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretimi ulusal bir \u00e7apta \u00f6rg\u00fctledi\u011fi, emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcretim dallar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fletmeler aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan halk aras\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda, devlete ait t\u00fcketim maddeleri da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, kom\u00fcnist bir bi\u00e7imde birle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusya’da kom\u00fcnizmin “ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131”ndan s\u00f6z ettik (1919 Mart’\u0131nda benimsenen parti program\u0131m\u0131zda da b\u00f6yle konmu\u015ftur), \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar \u00fclkemizde ancak k\u0131smen ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir ya da ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc koyarsak, ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 ancak ilk a\u015famalar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Genel olarak hemen ba\u015far\u0131labilecek her \u015feyi, bir devrimci darbede hemen ba\u015fard\u0131k; \u00f6rne\u011fin, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcnde, 26 Ekim (8 Kas\u0131m) 1917’de, topra\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerine tazminat \u00f6denmeksizin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 – b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipleri m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirildi. Birka\u00e7 ayl\u0131k bir zaman i\u00e7inde, hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck kapitalistler, fabrika, anonim \u015firket, banka, demiryolu vb. sahipleri de tazminat \u00f6denmeksizin m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirildi. Sanayide b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretimin devlet\u00e7e \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve fabrikalar\u0131n ve demiryollar\u0131n\u0131n “i\u015f\u00e7ilerce denetimi”nden, “i\u015f\u00e7ilerce y\u00f6netimi”ne ge\u00e7i\u015f – bu da, genellikle daha \u015fimdiden ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ama, tar\u0131mla ilgili olarak daha yeni ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r (“devlet \u00e7iftlikleri”, yani devlet mal\u0131 topraklar \u00fczerinde i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7iftlikler). Gene bunun gibi, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta tar\u0131m\u0131ndan kom\u00fcnist tar\u0131ma bir ge\u00e7i\u015f olarak, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin kooperatif topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesine de daha yeni ba\u015flad\u0131k. \u00d6zel ticaret yerine \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin devlet\u00e7e \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, yani tah\u0131l\u0131n devlet\u00e7e sa\u011flanarak kentlere ve sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin k\u0131rlara g\u00f6nderilmesi i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 \u015fey s\u00f6ylenmelidir. Bu konuda elde bulunan istatistik\u00ee veriler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da sunulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00e7ift\u00e7ili\u011fi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta \u00fcretimi olmaya devam etmektedir. Burada, kapitalizm i\u00e7in son derece geni\u015f ve \u00e7ok sa\u011flam, k\u00f6kleri derinde bir temelle, \u00fczerinde kapitalizmin direndi\u011fi ya da kom\u00fcnizme kar\u015f\u0131 sert bir m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde yeniden do\u011fdu\u011fu bir temelle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunmaktay\u0131z. Bu m\u00fccadelenin bi\u00e7imleri, tah\u0131l\u0131n (ve \u00f6teki \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin) devlet\u00e7e sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ve genel olarak \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin devlet\u00e7e da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zel spek\u00fclasyon ve vurgunculuktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu soyut teorik \u00f6nermeleri \u00f6rneklendirmek i\u00e7in, ger\u00e7ek say\u0131lar aktaral\u0131m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halk \u0130a\u015fe Komiserli\u011fi’nin verilerine g\u00f6re, 1 A\u011fustos 1917 ve 1 A\u011fustos 1918 tarihleri aras\u0131nda, Rusya’da devlet\u00e7e sa\u011flanan tah\u0131l\u0131n miktar\u0131 30.000.000 pud kadar, bir sonraki y\u0131l ise 110.000.000 pud kadard\u0131. Bir sonraki kampanyan\u0131n (1919-20) ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 boyunca sa\u011flanacak miktar, 1918’de ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in (A\u011fustos-Ekim) 37.000.000 pudluk miktara kar\u015f\u0131, tahminen 45.000.000 pud kadar olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu rakamlar kom\u00fcnizmin kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 zafer kazanmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, durumda yava\u015f ama s\u00fcrekli bir iyile\u015fmeyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu iyile\u015fme, d\u00fcnyada e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklere, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en kuvvetli g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u015fe ko\u015fan Rus kapitalistleri ve yabanc\u0131 kapitalistler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklere kar\u015f\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu y\u00fczden, t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin burjuvazisinin yalanlar\u0131na ve iftiralar\u0131na ve onlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k ve gizli u\u015faklar\u0131na (\u0130kinci Enternasyonal “sosyalistleri”) kar\u015f\u0131n, bir \u015fey tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez – proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn temel ekonomik problemi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, \u00fclkemizde kom\u00fcnizmin kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 zaferi g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde burjuvazi Bol\u015fevizm’e kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6fkesinden ate\u015f p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmekte ve Bol\u015feviklere kar\u015f\u0131 asker\u00ee seferler, tertipler vb. \u00f6rg\u00fctlemektedir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplumsal ekonomiyi yeniden kurmaktaki ba\u015far\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, asker\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7le ezilmememiz kayd\u0131yla, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu \u00e7ok iyi anlamaktad\u0131r. Ve bizi bu yoldan ezme giri\u015fimleri de ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elimizdeki \u00e7ok k\u0131sa zamanda ve g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda kalmam\u0131za kar\u015f\u0131n, daha \u015fimdiden kapitalizmi ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde alt etti\u011fimiz a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6zet rakamlardan g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Merkezi \u0130statistik Kurumu, t\u00fcm Rusya i\u00e7in de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca yirmi alt\u0131 eyalet i\u00e7in, tah\u0131l \u00fcretimi ve t\u00fcketimine ait verileri bas\u0131n i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lar \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Demek ki, kentlere arz edilen tah\u0131l\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak yar\u0131s\u0131 \u0130a\u015fe Komiserli\u011fince, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 ise vurguncularca sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. 1918’de yap\u0131lan, kent i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin t\u00fcketti\u011fi yiyecek \u00fczerine dikkatli bir tarama, ayn\u0131 oran\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin devlet taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan ekme\u011fe, vurguncuya \u00f6dedi\u011finin dokuzda birini \u00f6dedi\u011fi ak\u0131ldan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ekme\u011fin vurguncu fiyat\u0131, devlet fiyat\u0131ndan on kat fazlad\u0131r; i\u015f\u00e7i b\u00fct\u00e7eleri \u00fczerine dikkatli bir inceleme bunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktar\u0131lan rakamlar\u0131n dikkatli bir incelemesi, bunlar\u0131n Rusya’n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ekonomisinin temel \u00f6zelliklerinin tam bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan halk, y\u0131llard\u0131r kendini ezen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrenlerden, toprak sahipleri ve kapitalistlerden kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitlik yolunda at\u0131lan bu ad\u0131m, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc, boyutlar\u0131 ve h\u0131z\u0131 ile d\u00fcnyada bir e\u015fi daha olmayan bu ad\u0131m, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve e\u015fitlikten s\u00f6z ettiklerinde, sahtece, genel olarak “demokrasi” ya da “saf demokrasi” oldu\u011funu ilan ettikleri (Kautsky) parlamenter burjuva demokrasisini kasteden burjuvazi taraftarlar\u0131nca (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva demokratlar dahil) g\u00f6rmezlikten gelinmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oysa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan halk, yaln\u0131zca ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitlikle ve ger\u00e7ek \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckle (toprak sahiplerinden ve kapitalistlerden \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmakla) ilgilenmektedir ve i\u015fte bunun i\u00e7in de Sovyet h\u00fck\u00fcmetine b\u00f6yle sa\u011flam bir destek sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00fclkesinde, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ilk kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan, en fazla kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan, ve hemen kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck olmu\u015ftur. Rusya’daki k\u00f6yl\u00fc, toprak sahiplerinin ve kapitalistlerin alt\u0131nda a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6l\u00fcyordu. Tarihimizin uzun y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131 boyunca, k\u00f6yl\u00fc, hi\u00e7bir zaman kendisi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 bulamad\u0131: Y\u00fczlerce milyon pudluk tah\u0131l\u0131, kapitalistlere, kentlere ve ihracata verirken kendisi a\u00e7 kald\u0131. Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda k\u00f6yl\u00fc ilk kez olarak kendisi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta ve kentte oturandan daha iyi beslenmektedir. K\u00f6yl\u00fc ilk kez olarak ger\u00e7ek \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc – ekme\u011fini yeme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, a\u00e7l\u0131ktan kurtulma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc – g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bildi\u011fimiz gibi, topra\u011f\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda azami e\u015fitlik sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; \u00e7o\u011fu durumda k\u00f6yl\u00fc “beslenecek bo\u011faz” say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re topra\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyalizm, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6nce, toprak sahiplerinin ve kapitalistlerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. G\u00f6revimizin bu k\u0131sm\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama bu, ancak bir k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r, \u00fcstelik de en zor k\u0131sm\u0131 de\u011fildir. S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, ikincisi, fabrika i\u015f\u00e7isi ile k\u00f6yl\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak, bunlar\u0131n hepsini i\u015f\u00e7i yapmak gerekir. Bu birdenbire yap\u0131lamaz. Bu g\u00f6rev k\u0131yas kabul etmez bir bi\u00e7imde daha zordur ve zorunlu olarak uzun bir zaman alacakt\u0131r. Bu, bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n alt edilmesi ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilecek bir problem de\u011fildir. Ancak t\u00fcm toplumsal ekonominin \u00f6rg\u00fctsel yeniden kurulu\u015fu ile, bireysel, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meta \u00fcretiminden, b\u00fcy\u00fck toplumsal \u00fcretime ge\u00e7i\u015fle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilir. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f zorunlu olarak son derece uzun s\u00fcrmelidir. Aceleci ve dikkatsizce idari ve yasal \u00f6nlemler, onu ancak geciktirir ve karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak k\u00f6yl\u00fcye t\u00fcm tar\u0131msal tekni\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme yapmas\u0131n\u0131, onun k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczeltilmesini sa\u011flayacak yard\u0131mc\u0131 sa\u011flamakla h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Problemin ikinci ve en zor k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in, proletarya, burjuvaziyi yendikten sonra k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 politikas\u0131n\u0131, hi\u00e7 sapmadan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki temel do\u011frultularda y\u00fcr\u00fctmelidir. Proletarya, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc m\u00fclk sahibi k\u00f6yl\u00fcden, i\u015f\u00e7i k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc madrabaz k\u00f6yl\u00fcden, emek harcayan k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc vurgunculuk yapan k\u00f6yl\u00fcden ay\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131, aralar\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7ekmesini bilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve bu s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7ekmede sosyalizmin t\u00fcm \u00f6z\u00fc yatar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve s\u00f6zde sosyalist, ger\u00e7ekte k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva demokratlar olan sosyalistlerin (Martov’lar, \u00c7ernov’lar, Kautsky’ler ve ortaklar\u0131) sosyalizmin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc anlamamalar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burada s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7ekme son derece zordur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ger\u00e7ek ya\u015famda “k\u00f6yl\u00fc”n\u00fcn t\u00fcm \u00f6zellikleri, ne kadar farkl\u0131 olurlarsa olsunlar, ne kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli olurlarsa olsunlar, bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde kayna\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama gene de s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7ekmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr; ve bu, yaln\u0131zca m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmakla kalmaz, k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00e7iftli\u011finin ve k\u00f6yl\u00fc ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir sonucudur da. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fc, y\u0131llar boyu, toprak sahipleri, kapitalistler, madrabazlar ve vurguncular taraf\u0131ndan en demokratik burjuva devletleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere, bunlar\u0131n devletleri taraf\u0131ndan ezilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fc, uzun y\u0131llar boyunca, bu ezenlerden ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrenlerden nefret etmeyi ve tiksinmeyi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011furdu\u011fu bu “\u00f6\u011frenme”, k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc, kapitaliste kar\u015f\u0131, vurguncu ve madrabaza kar\u015f\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i ile bir ittifak aramaya zorlamaktad\u0131r. Ama ayn\u0131 zamanda da, ekonomik ko\u015fullar, meta \u00fcretiminin ko\u015fullar\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak, (her zaman de\u011fil ama \u00e7o\u011fu durumda) bir madrabaza ve vurguncuya d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukarda aktar\u0131lan istatistikler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fc ile vurguncu k\u00f6yl\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. 1918-19 boyunca, kentlerin a\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7ilerine 40.000.000 pud tah\u0131l\u0131 sabit devlet fiyatlar\u0131nda teslim eden k\u00f6yl\u00fc, devlet b\u00fcrolar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm eksikliklerine, i\u015f\u00e7i h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle fark\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ama sosyalizme ge\u00e7i\u015fin ilk d\u00f6neminde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olan eksikliklerine kar\u015f\u0131n, bu tah\u0131l\u0131 onlara teslim eden k\u00f6yl\u00fc – bu k\u00f6yl\u00fc, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fcd\u00fcr, sosyalist i\u015f\u00e7inin yolda\u015f\u0131 ve e\u015fiti, onun en sad\u0131k m\u00fcttefiki, sermayenin boyunduru\u011funa kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta kan karde\u015fidir. Oysa, kent i\u015f\u00e7isinin gereksinmesi ve a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yararlanarak, devleti aldatarak ve her yerde hilekarl\u0131k, soygunculuk ve doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rarak, yaratarak, 40.000.000 pud tah\u0131l\u0131, el alt\u0131ndan, devlet fiyat\u0131n\u0131n on kat\u0131na satan k\u00f6yl\u00fc – bu k\u00f6yl\u00fc, bir vurguncudur, kapitalistin m\u00fcttefiki, i\u015f\u00e7inin s\u0131n\u0131f d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131d\u0131r, bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, t\u00fcm devlete ait topraklardan, yaln\u0131zca k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7inin de eme\u011fini \u015fu ya da bu yoldan i\u00e7eren aletlerle toplanm\u0131\u015f art\u0131-tah\u0131la sahip olan herkes, art\u0131-tah\u0131la sahip olan ve bu tah\u0131lda vurgunculuk yapan herkes, a\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7inin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Sizler \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, e\u015fitli\u011fi ve demokrasiyi ihlal edenlersiniz”: Anayasam\u0131z\u0131n alt\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7inin ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u015fit olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131na, Kurucu Meclis’in da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na, art\u0131-tah\u0131la zorla el konulmas\u0131na vb. i\u015faret ederek, bize her taraftan b\u00f6yle ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Yan\u0131tl\u0131yoruz: Ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitsizli\u011fi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6yl\u00fcye y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ac\u0131 \u00e7ektiren ger\u00e7ek \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck yoksunlu\u011funu ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu kadar \u00e7ok \u015fey yapan devlet d\u00fcnyada g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Ama biz k\u00f6yl\u00fc vurguncu ile e\u015fitli\u011fi asla kabul etmeyece\u011fiz, t\u0131pk\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcren ile s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen, t\u0131ka basa doyan ile a\u00e7 kalan aras\u0131ndaki “e\u015fitli\u011fi”, birincinin ikincisini soyma “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc”n\u00fc kabul etmeyi\u015fimiz gibi. Ve bu farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmeyi reddeden o e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ki\u015filere, kendilerine demokratlar, sosyalistler, enternasyonalistler, Kautsky’ler, \u00c7ernov’lar ya da Martov’lar ad\u0131n\u0131 verseler de, beyaz muhaf\u0131z muamelesi yapaca\u011f\u0131z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyalizm, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 demektir. Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama s\u0131n\u0131flar bir darbede ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6neminde s\u0131n\u0131flar h\u00e2l\u00e2 durmaktad\u0131r ve duracakt\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131flar yok olunca diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck gereksiz hale gelecektir. Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olmaks\u0131z\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131flar yok olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131flar durmaktad\u0131r ama proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6neminde her s\u0131n\u0131f bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve s\u0131n\u0131flar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler de de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi ortadan kalkmaz, yaln\u0131zca farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlere b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitalizm alt\u0131nda proletarya, ezilen bir s\u0131n\u0131f, \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir s\u0131n\u0131f, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya ve tam olarak burjuvazinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duran ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da sonuna dek devrimci olabilen tek s\u0131n\u0131ft\u0131r. Burjuvaziyi alt eden ve siyasal g\u00fcc\u00fc alan proletarya, egemen s\u0131n\u0131f haline gelmi\u015ftir; devlet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131r, daha \u015fimdiden toplumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde denetim uygular; yalpalayan ara unsurlara ve s\u0131n\u0131flara k\u0131lavuzluk eder; s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin giderek artan bir inat g\u00f6steren direni\u015fini ezer. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6zg\u00fcl g\u00f6revleri, proletaryan\u0131n \u00f6nceden \u00fczerine almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, toprak sahipleri ve kapitalistler, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda ortadan kalkmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r ve birdenbire kalkamazlar. S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler ezilmi\u015f ama yok edilmemi\u015ftir. Bir kolu olduklar\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 sermaye bi\u00e7iminde, h\u00e2l\u00e2 uluslararas\u0131 bir temele sahiptirler. Baz\u0131 \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, k\u0131smen, h\u00e2l\u00e2 ellerinde tutmaktad\u0131rlar, h\u00e2l\u00e2 paralar\u0131 vard\u0131r, h\u00e2l\u00e2 geni\u015f toplumsal ili\u015fkilere sahiptirler. Yenildikleri i\u00e7in, direni\u015flerinin enerjisi y\u00fcz kat, bin kat artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devlet, askerlik ve ekonomi y\u00f6netimi “sanat\u0131”, onlara bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verir, \u00f6yle ki \u00f6nemleri, n\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki say\u0131sal oranlar\u0131ndan k\u0131yaslanamayacak kadar daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Alt edilen s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin muzaffer \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcne, yani proletaryaya kar\u015f\u0131 verdikleri s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi k\u0131yas kabul etmez \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha sert hale gelmi\u015ftir. Ve bir devrim durumunda, bu kavram\u0131n yerine (t\u00fcm \u0130kinci Enternasyonal kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi) reformcu d\u00fc\u015fler konmad\u0131k\u00e7a, ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc de olamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son olarak, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, genel olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuvazi gibi, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda bile, yar\u0131 yolda, ara bir durum i\u015fgal ederken, bir yandan t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan halk\u0131n kendini toprak sahibi ve kapitalistten kurtarmak bi\u00e7imindeki ortak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 ile birle\u015fmi\u015f olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck (ve geri Rusya’da geni\u015f) bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan halk y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131d\u0131rlar; \u00f6te yandan da birbirinden kopuk k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck m\u00fclk sahipleri, mal sahipleri ve t\u00fcccarlard\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir ekonomik konum, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak, proletarya ile burjuvazi aras\u0131nda yalpalamalar\u0131na neden olur. Bu iki s\u0131n\u0131f aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelenin b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc keskin bi\u00e7im kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, t\u00fcm toplumsal ili\u015fkilerdeki, inan\u0131lmaz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u015fiddetli kopu\u015f kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ve genel olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuvazinin, eskiye, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fa ve de\u011fi\u015fmeyene duydu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00e7ok do\u011fald\u0131r ki, onlar\u0131n bir taraftan \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fcne kay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak g\u00f6rece\u011fiz, yalpalad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, de\u011fi\u015ftiklerini, karars\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 vb. g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu s\u0131n\u0131fla – ya da bu toplumsal \u00f6\u011felerle – ilgili olarak, proletarya onun \u00fczerinde etki sa\u011flamak, ona k\u0131lavuzluk etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harcamal\u0131d\u0131r. Yalpalayan ve istikrars\u0131z olana \u00f6nderlik etmek – i\u015fte proletaryan\u0131n g\u00f6revi budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E\u011fer t\u00fcm temel g\u00fc\u00e7leri ya da s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f haliyle bunlar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsak, sosyalizme ge\u00e7i\u015fin, genel olarak “demokrasi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla” m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu yolundaki \u0130kinci Enternasyonal’in t\u00fcm temsilcileri taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131lan genel k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn nas\u0131l da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilmeyecek kadar sa\u00e7ma sapan ve teorik a\u00e7\u0131dan aptalca oldu\u011funu kavrayaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu yan\u0131lg\u0131n\u0131n temel kayna\u011f\u0131 burjuvaziden miras kalan, “demokrasi”nin s\u0131n\u0131flarla ilgili olmayan, mutlak bir \u015fey oldu\u011fu yolundaki \u00f6nyarg\u0131da yatmaktad\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131nda, demokrasi de, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yeni bir evreye girer ve s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi, olanakl\u0131 ve canland\u0131r\u0131labilir b\u00fct\u00fcn bi\u00e7imlere egemen daha y\u00fcksek bir d\u00fczeye eri\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik ve demokrasi hakk\u0131ndaki genel s\u00f6zler, asl\u0131nda, meta \u00fcretiminin ili\u015fkileri taraf\u0131ndan bi\u00e7imlenen kavramlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc kapal\u0131 bir yinelenmesinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Proletarya diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn somut problemlerini b\u00f6yle genellemelerle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye giri\u015fmek, burjuvazinin teorilerini ve ilkelerini b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kabul etmekle birdir. Proletaryan\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, sorun, ancak \u015fu bi\u00e7imde konabilir: Hangi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmak, hangi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n hangi s\u0131n\u0131fla e\u015fitli\u011fi, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete dayanan bir demokrasi mi, yoksa \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir m\u00fccadeleye dayanan bir demokrasi mi vb.?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok \u00f6nceleri, Engels, Anti-D\u00fchring<\/em>‘inde, “e\u015fitlik” kavram\u0131n\u0131n meta \u00fcretimi ili\u015fkilerinden bi\u00e7imlendi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; e\u015fitlik, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131lmazsa bir \u00f6nyarg\u0131 haline gelir. Burjuva demokratik ve sosyalist e\u015fitlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131ma ili\u015fkin bu basit ger\u00e7ek, s\u00fcrekli olarak unutuluyor. Oysa unutulmazsa, burjuvaziyi alt etmekle, proletaryan\u0131n, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na do\u011fru en kesin ad\u0131m\u0131 att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu s\u00fcreci tamamlamak i\u00e7in, proletaryan\u0131n, devlet g\u00fcc\u00fc ayg\u0131t\u0131ndan yararlanarak ve alt edilmi\u015f burjuvazi ve yalpalayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuvaziye bask\u0131 yapmakta sava\u015fmakta, etkilemekte \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler kullanarak, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesine devam etmesi gerekti\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki metin V. \u0130. Lenin taraf\u0131ndan 30 Ekim 1919’da yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Metin 7 Kas\u0131m 1919 tarihinde Pravda gazetesinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Pravda edit\u00f6r\u00fc, metnin alt\u0131na Lenin’in yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu notunu d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sovyet iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ba\u015fl\u0131kta belirtilen konu \u00fczerinde k\u0131sa bir bro\u015f\u00fcr yazmaya niyetlenmi\u015ftim. Ama g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ko\u015fu\u015fturmalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, \u015fimdiye kadar, baz\u0131 kesimlerin \u00f6nhaz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7emedim. Bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":1152,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1151"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1662,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1151\/revisions\/1662"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trockist.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}